Over 31% efficient indoor organic photovoltaics enabled by simultaneously reduced trap-assisted recombination and non-radiative recombination voltage loss

Xiaobo Zhou; Hongbo Wu; Urvashi Bothra; Xingze Chen; Guanyu Lu; Heng Zhao; Chao Zhao; Qun Luo; Guanghao Lu; Ke Zhou; Dinesh Kabra; Zaifei Ma; Wei Ma

doi:10.1039/D2MH01229D

Over 31% efficient indoor organic photovoltaics enabled by simultaneously reduced trap-assisted recombination and non-radiative recombination voltage loss†

Xiaobo Zhou,^a Hongbo Wu,^b Urvashi Bothra,^c Xingze Chen,^d Guanyu Lu,^e Heng Zhao,^a Chao Zhao,^a Qun Luo,

^d Guanghao Lu,

^e Ke Zhou,*^a Dinesh Kabra,

*^c Zaifei Ma

*^b and Wei Ma

*^a

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
E-mail: msewma@xjtu.edu.cn, msekzhou@xjtu.edu.cn

^b Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
E-mail: mazaifei@dhu.edu.cn

^c Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
E-mail: dkabra@phy.iitb.ac.in

^d i-Lab & Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China

^e Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China

Abstract

Indoor organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have shown great potential application in driving low-energy-consumption electronics for the Internet of Things. There is still great room for further improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of indoor OPVs, considering that the desired morphology of the active layer to reduce trap-assisted recombination and voltage losses and thus simultaneously enhance the fill factor (FF) and open-circuit voltage for efficient indoor OPVs remains obscure. Herein, by optimizing the bulk and interface morphology via a layer-by-layer (LBL) processing strategy, low leakage current and low non-radiative recombination loss can be synergistically achieved in PM6:Y6-O based devices. Detailed characterizations reveal the stronger crystallinity, purer domains and ideal interfacial contacts in the LBL devices compared to their bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) counterparts. The optimized morphology yields a reduced voltage loss and an impressive FF of 81.5%, and thus contributes to a high PCE of 31.2% under a 1000 lux light-emitting diode (LED) illumination in the LBL devices, which is the best reported efficiency for indoor OPVs. Additionally, this LBL strategy exhibits great universality in promoting the performance of indoor OPVs, as exemplified by three other non-fullerene acceptor systems. This work provides guidelines for morphology optimization and synergistically promotes the fast development of efficient indoor OPVs.

Materials Horizons

Over 31% efficient indoor organic photovoltaics enabled by simultaneously reduced trap-assisted recombination and non-radiative recombination voltage loss†

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Over 31% efficient indoor organic photovoltaics enabled by simultaneously reduced trap-assisted recombination and non-radiative recombination voltage loss

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