Issue 46, 2021

Iterative reverse Monte Carlo and molecular statics for improved atomic structure modeling: a case study of zinc oxide grown by atomic layer deposition

Abstract

Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling is a common method to derive atomic structure models of materials from experimental diffraction data. However, conventional RMC modeling does not impose energetic constraints and can produce non-physical local structures within the simulation volume. Although previous strategies have introduced energetic constraints during RMC modeling, these approaches have limitations in computational cost and physical accuracy. In this work, we periodically introduce molecular statics (MS) energy minimizations during RMC modeling in an iterative RMC-MS approach. We test this iterative RMC-MS approach using diffraction data collected by in operando high energy X-ray diffraction during atomic layer deposition of ZnO as a sample case. For MS relaxations we employ ReaxFF pair potentials previously established for ZnO. We find that RMC-MS and RMC provide equivalent agreement with experimental data, but RMC-MS structures are on average 0.6 eV per atom lower in energy and are more consistent with known ZnO atomic structure features. The iterative RMC-MS approach we report can accommodate large systems with minimal additional computational burden beyond a standard RMC simulation and can leverage established pair potentials for immediate application to study a wide range of materials.

Graphical abstract: Iterative reverse Monte Carlo and molecular statics for improved atomic structure modeling: a case study of zinc oxide grown by atomic layer deposition

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Aug 2021
Accepted
14 Nov 2021
First published
15 Nov 2021

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021,23, 26417-26427

Author version available

Iterative reverse Monte Carlo and molecular statics for improved atomic structure modeling: a case study of zinc oxide grown by atomic layer deposition

R. C. Gettler, H. D. Koenig and M. J. Young, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 26417 DOI: 10.1039/D1CP03742K

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