External stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlled delivery of CRISPR–Cas genome editors

Ruosen Xie; Yuyuan Wang; Shaoqin Gong

doi:10.1039/D1BM00558H

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External stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlled delivery of CRISPR–Cas genome editors

Ruosen Xie,

^ab Yuyuan Wang^bc and Shaoqin Gong

*^abcd

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA

^b Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA

^c Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA

^d Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
E-mail: shaoqingong@wisc.edu

Abstract

The CRISPR–Cas9 system is a powerful tool for genome editing, which can potentially lead to new therapies for genetic diseases. To date, various viral and non-viral delivery systems have been developed for the delivery of CRISPR–Cas9 in vivo. However, spatially and temporally controlled genome editing is needed to enhance the specificity in organs/tissues and minimize the off-target effects of editing. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art non-viral vectors that exploit external stimuli (i.e., light, magnetic field, and ultrasound) for spatially and temporally controlled genome editing and their in vitro and in vivo applications.

This article is part of the themed collection: CRISPR Biomaterials

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D1BM00558H
Article type: Review Article
Submitted: 07 Apr 2021
Accepted: 10 Jun 2021
First published: 29 Jun 2021

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Biomater. Sci., 2021,9, 6012-6022

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External stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlled delivery of CRISPR–Cas genome editors

R. Xie, Y. Wang and S. Gong, Biomater. Sci., 2021, 9, 6012 DOI: 10.1039/D1BM00558H

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Biomaterials Science

External stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlled delivery of CRISPR–Cas genome editors

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External stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlled delivery of CRISPR–Cas genome editors

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