New frontier in printed thermoelectrics: formation of β-Ag2Se through thermally stimulated dissociative adsorption leads to high ZT

Md Mofasser Mallick; Andres Georg Rösch; Leonard Franke; Andre Gall; Sarfraz Ahmad; Holger Geßwein; Andrey Mazilkin; Christian Kübel; Uli Lemmer

doi:10.1039/D0TA05859A

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New frontier in printed thermoelectrics: formation of β-Ag₂Se through thermally stimulated dissociative adsorption leads to high ZT†

Md Mofasser Mallick,

*^a Andres Georg Rösch,^a Leonard Franke,^a Andre Gall,^a Sarfraz Ahmad,^b Holger Geßwein,^b Andrey Mazilkin,

^c Christian Kübel

^c and Uli Lemmer*^ad

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
E-mail: uli.lemmer@kit.edu, mofasser.mallick@kit.edu

^b Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

^c Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

^d Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

Abstract

Printed thermoelectrics (TE) could significantly reduce the production cost of energy harvesting devices by large-scale manufacturing. However, developing a high performance printable TE material is a substantial challenge. In this work, a new one-pot synthesis and processing of high performance Ag₂Se based n-type printed TE materials is reported. Structural analyses reveal that orthorhombic β-Ag₂Se is the dominant phase in the n-type printed material compounds. For a printed material at room temperature, a breakthrough power-factor of ∼17 μW cm⁻¹ K⁻² with a record high figure-of-merit ZT ∼ 1.03 is achieved. A high average ZT, an important parameter for device applications, of ∼0.85–0.60 has been realized in the temperature range of 300 K to 400 K. Using this material for n-type legs in combination with commercially available PEDOT:PSS for p-type legs, a printed TE generator (print-TEG) of two thermocouples has been fabricated. An output voltage of 17.6 mV and a high maximum power output P_max of 0.19 μW are achieved using the print-TEG at ΔT = 75 K.

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA05859A
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 12 Jun 2020
Accepted: 17 Jul 2020
First published: 17 Jul 2020
This article is Open Access

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J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020,8, 16366-16375

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New frontier in printed thermoelectrics: formation of β-Ag₂Se through thermally stimulated dissociative adsorption leads to high ZT

M. M. Mallick, A. G. Rösch, L. Franke, A. Gall, S. Ahmad, H. Geßwein, A. Mazilkin, C. Kübel and U. Lemmer, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 16366 DOI: 10.1039/D0TA05859A

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A