Taguchi method-assisted optimization of multiple effects on the optical and luminescence performance of Ce:YAG transparent ceramics for high power white LEDs

Le Zhang; Qing Yao; Yuelong Ma; Bingheng Sun; Cen Shao; Tianyuan Zhou; Yun Wang; Farida A Selim; Chingping Wong; Hao Chen

doi:10.1039/C9TC03916C

Taguchi method-assisted optimization of multiple effects on the optical and luminescence performance of Ce:YAG transparent ceramics for high power white LEDs†

Le Zhang,

‡*^abc Qing Yao,

‡^ad Yuelong Ma,

^ad Bingheng Sun,

^a Cen Shao,

^a Tianyuan Zhou,

^ab Yun Wang,

^d Farida A Selim,

^b Chingping Wong

^c and Hao Chen

*^a

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
E-mail: zhangle@jsnu.edu.cn, chenhao@jsnu.edu.cn

^b Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, USA

^c School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA

^d School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China

Abstract

Ce:YAG transparent ceramics have great potential in white LEDs, especially under high power packaging technology, due to their superior thermal performance. However, their interactions and the synergistic effects among multiple factors limit the in-depth understanding and higher efficiency conversion of these ceramics for popular applications, and the single variable research approach is incapable of addressing the complex and diverse requirements for luminescence performance in as-constructed LED devices. In this work, for the first time, orthogonal experiments were designed to comprehensively evaluate the composite effects of thickness, doping concentration and surface roughness on the luminous efficiency and ideal white light of a constructed device with the assistance of the Taguchi method and one-way variance analysis. High throughput fabrication of ceramics was achieved using the novel Isobam gel casting method plus vacuum sintering. The Ce³⁺ doping concentration was proved to be the most dominant of these factors for excellent luminescence performance. The optimized factors of ceramics for luminous efficiency were 1.5 mm thickness, 0.2 at% Ce³⁺ concentration and double-polishing of surface roughness, while the optimized factors for good CIE were 0.4 mm thickness, 0.05 at% Ce³⁺ concentration and double-polishing. Therefore, this work not only shows how the Taguchi method can achieve a better group of multiple factors, but also how the synergistic effects of these factors work together. They significantly affect the optical properties of Ce:YAG ceramics and their performance in high power LED applications. These results are crucial for advancing transparent ceramics applications.

Journal of Materials Chemistry C

Taguchi method-assisted optimization of multiple effects on the optical and luminescence performance of Ce:YAG transparent ceramics for high power white LEDs†

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Taguchi method-assisted optimization of multiple effects on the optical and luminescence performance of Ce:YAG transparent ceramics for high power white LEDs

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