Efficient transformation of CO2 to cyclic carbonates using bifunctional protic ionic liquids under mild conditions

Xianglei Meng; Zhaoyang Ju; Suojiang Zhang; Xiaodong Liang; Nicolas von Solms; Xiaochun Zhang; Xiangping Zhang

doi:10.1039/C9GC01165J

Efficient transformation of CO₂ to cyclic carbonates using bifunctional protic ionic liquids under mild conditions†

Xianglei Meng,

^ab Zhaoyang Ju,^a Suojiang Zhang,

^a Xiaodong Liang,^b Nicolas von Solms,^b Xiaochun Zhang^a and Xiangping Zhang

*^ac

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* Corresponding authors

^a Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
E-mail: xpzhang@ipe.ac.cn

^b Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for Energy Resources Engineering (CERE), Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark

^c School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Abstract

A series of 1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) based bifunctional protic ionic liquids (DBPILs) were easily prepared by acid–base reactions at room temperature. They were used to catalyze the cycloaddition reaction of CO₂ with epoxides under mild conditions. As a metal free catalyst, the best DBPIL showed a 92% yield of products within 6 hours at 30 °C and 1 bar CO₂ without any solvents and co-catalysts. It could afford carbonates in good yields with broad epoxide substrate scope and CO₂ from simulated flue gas (15% CO₂/85% N₂). IR spectroscopy and DFT studies were carried out to investigate the mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction. The results showed that the DBPILs could activate both CO₂ and epoxides by alkoxy anions and powerful hydrogen-bonding, which was well consistent with experiments.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C9GC01165J
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 09 Apr 2019
Accepted: 17 May 2019
First published: 03 Jun 2019

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Green Chem., 2019,21, 3456-3463

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Efficient transformation of CO₂ to cyclic carbonates using bifunctional protic ionic liquids under mild conditions

X. Meng, Z. Ju, S. Zhang, X. Liang, N. von Solms, X. Zhang and X. Zhang, Green Chem., 2019, 21, 3456 DOI: 10.1039/C9GC01165J

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Efficient transformation of CO₂ to cyclic carbonates using bifunctional protic ionic liquids under mild conditions†

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