Molten salt synthesis of tin doped hematite nanodiscs and their enhanced electrochemical performance for Li-ion batteries†
Abstract
Sn4+ doped Fe2O3 (hematite) nanodiscs have been synthesized by a facile mixed molten salt method. The structure, morphology and compositions of the products are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), filed emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). According to the time dependent experimental results, the formation mechanism of the Sn4+ doped Fe2O3 nanodiscs is discussed. The electrochemical properties of the Fe2O3 nanodiscs as an anode material are investigated in terms of their reversible capacity, and cycling performance for lithium ion batteries. The Sn4+ doped Fe2O3 nanodiscs (5% Sn) exhibit a reversible capacity of 899 mA h g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles. Even at 1000 mA g−1, the reversible capacity of the nanodiscs still remains 490 mA h g−1. The improved electrochemical performance is ascribed to the introduction of the Sn element, which decreases charge transfer resistance, enhances Li ion diffusion velocity, and thus improves its cycling and high-rate capability. These results suggest the promising application of the Sn4+ doped Fe2O3 nanodiscs in lithium ion batteries.
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