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Stratified inclined duct: direct numerical simulations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 August 2023

Lu Zhu Open the ORCID record for Lu Zhu [Opens in a new window] ,
Amir Atoufi Open the ORCID record for Amir Atoufi [Opens in a new window] ,
Adrien Lefauve Open the ORCID record for Adrien Lefauve [Opens in a new window] ,
John R. Taylor Open the ORCID record for John R. Taylor [Opens in a new window] ,
Rich R. Kerswell Open the ORCID record for Rich R. Kerswell [Opens in a new window] ,
Stuart B. Dalziel Open the ORCID record for Stuart B. Dalziel [Opens in a new window] ,
Gregory A. Lawrence Open the ORCID record for Gregory A. Lawrence [Opens in a new window]  and
P.F. Linden Open the ORCID record for P.F. Linden [Opens in a new window]
Lu Zhu
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
Amir Atoufi*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
Adrien Lefauve
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
John R. Taylor
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
Rich R. Kerswell
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
Stuart B. Dalziel
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
Gregory A. Lawrence
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
P.F. Linden
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: aa2295@cam.ac.uk
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Abstract

The stratified inclined duct (SID) experiment consists of a zero-net-volume exchange flow in a long tilted rectangular duct, which allows the study of realistic stratified shear flows with sustained internal forcing. We present the first three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) of SID to explore the transitions between increasingly turbulent flow regimes first described by Meyer & Linden (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 753, 2014, pp. 242–253). We develop a numerical set-up that faithfully reproduces the experiments and sustains the flow for arbitrarily long times at minimal computational cost. We recover the four qualitative flow regimes found experimentally in the same regions of parameter space: laminar flow, waves, intermittent turbulence and fully developed turbulence. We find good qualitative and quantitative agreement between DNS and experiments and highlight the added value of DNS to complement experimental diagnostics and increase our understanding of the transition to turbulence, both temporally (laminar/turbulent cycles) and parametrically (as the tilt angle of the duct and the Reynolds number are increased). These results demonstrate that numerical studies of SID – and deeper integration between simulations and experiments – have the potential to lead to a better understanding of stratified turbulence.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Stratified flows Turbulent Flows: Stratified turbulence Turbulent Flows: Shear layer turbulence
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 969 , 25 August 2023 , A20
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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