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Maternal childhood trauma and prenatal stressors are associated with child behavioral health

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 October 2021

Shaikh I. Ahmad Open the ORCID record for Shaikh I. Ahmad [Opens in a new window] ,
Kristen L. Rudd ,
Kaja Z. LeWinn ,
W. Alex Mason ,
Laura Murphy ,
Paul D. Juarez ,
Catherine J. Karr ,
Sheela Sathyanarayana ,
Frances A. Tylavsky  and
Nicole R. Bush
Shaikh I. Ahmad
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Kristen L. Rudd
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Kaja Z. LeWinn
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
W. Alex Mason
Affiliation:
Department of Preventative Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
Laura Murphy
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
Paul D. Juarez
Affiliation:
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
Catherine J. Karr
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Sheela Sathyanarayana
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
Frances A. Tylavsky
Affiliation:
Department of Preventative Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
Nicole R. Bush*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
*
Address for correspondence: Nicole Bush, Division of Developmental Medicine, University of California, 3333 California St Suite 465, San Francisco, CA94118, USA. Email: nicole.bush@ucsf.edu
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Abstract

Maternal adversity and prenatal stress confer risk for child behavioral health problems. Few studies have examined this intergenerational process across multiple dimensions of stress; fewer have explored potential protective factors. Using a large, diverse sample of mother–child dyads, we examined associations between maternal childhood trauma, prenatal stressors, and offspring socioemotional-behavioral development, while also examining potential resilience-promoting factors. The Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning and Early Childhood (CANDLE) study prospectively followed 1503 mother–child dyads (65% Black, 32% White) from pregnancy. Exposures included maternal childhood trauma, socioeconomic risk, intimate partner violence, and geocode-linked neighborhood violent crime during pregnancy. Child socioemotional-behavioral functioning was measured via the Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (mean age = 1.1 years). Maternal social support and parenting knowledge during pregnancy were tested as potential moderators. Multiple linear regressions (N = 1127) revealed that maternal childhood trauma, socioeconomic risk, and intimate partner violence were independently, positively associated with child socioemotional-behavioral problems at age one in fully adjusted models. Maternal parenting knowledge moderated associations between both maternal childhood trauma and prenatal socioeconomic risk on child problems: greater knowledge was protective against the effects of socioeconomic risk and was promotive in the context of low maternal history of childhood trauma. Findings indicate that multiple dimensions of maternal stress and adversity are independently associated with child socioemotional-behavioral problems. Further, modifiable environmental factors, including knowledge regarding child development, can mitigate these risks. Both findings support the importance of parental screening and early intervention to promote child socioemotional-behavioral health.

Keywords

Stressintergenerationalchild mental healthprenatal programmingresilience
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 13 , Issue 4 , August 2022 , pp. 483 - 493
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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