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Habitat selection of southern giant petrels: potential environmental monitors of the Antarctic Peninsula

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 August 2023

Júlia Victória Grohmann Finger Open the ORCID record for Júlia Victória Grohmann Finger [Opens in a new window] ,
Lucas Krüger Open the ORCID record for Lucas Krüger [Opens in a new window] ,
Denyelle Hennayra Corá Open the ORCID record for Denyelle Hennayra Corá [Opens in a new window]  and
Maria Virginia Petry Open the ORCID record for Maria Virginia Petry [Opens in a new window]
Júlia Victória Grohmann Finger*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos, 950, São Leopoldo, CEP 93900-000, Brazil
Lucas Krüger
Affiliation:
Instituto Antártico Chileno, Plaza Muñoz Gamero, 1055, Punta Arenas, Chile Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
Denyelle Hennayra Corá
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos, 950, São Leopoldo, CEP 93900-000, Brazil
Maria Virginia Petry
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos, 950, São Leopoldo, CEP 93900-000, Brazil
*
victoriafinger@hotmail.com
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Abstract

The southern giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus) is a widely distributed top predator of the Southern Ocean. To define the fine-scale foraging areas and habitat use of Antarctic breeding populations, 47 southern giant petrels from Nelson Island were GPS-tracked during the summers of 2019–2020 and 2021–2022. Step-selection analysis was applied to test the effects of environmental variables on habitat selection. Visual overlap with seal haul-out sites and fishing areas was also analysed. Birds primarily used waters to the south of the colony in the Weddell and Bellingshausen seas. Females showed a broader distribution, reaching up to -70°S to the west of Nelson Island, while males were mainly concentrated in waters off the northern Antarctic Peninsula. Habitat selection of both sexes was associated with water depth and proximity to penguin colonies. Both overlapped their foraging areas with fishing sites and females in particular overlapped with toothfish fishery blocks in Antarctica and with fishing areas in the Patagonian Shelf. Due to their habitat associations and overlap with fisheries, when harnessed with tracking devices and animal-borne cameras, giant petrels can act as platforms for monitoring the condition and occurrence of penguin colonies, haul-out sites and unregulated fisheries on various temporal and spatial scales in Antarctica.

Keywords

breeding distributionMaritime Antarcticmonitor speciesspatial distributionspatial ecologytracking
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 35 , Issue 4 , August 2023 , pp. 256 - 269
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Antarctic Science Ltd

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