Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T12:27:54.676Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Management of alcohol use disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2014

Larkin Feeney
Larkin Feeney*
Affiliation:
Cluain Mhuire Community Mental Health Services, Newtownpark Avenue, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland andRoyal College of Surgeons Ireland. Email: larkin.feeney@sjog.ie
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Welcome to the third module in our Continuing Professional Development Section (CPD). CPD is now a key element in the clinical activity of all health professionals and a cornerstone of good clinical governance throughout mental health services. This section of the Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine will provide CPD modules dedicated to key topics in mental health care. In order to assist learning and self-assessment, multiple choice questions will be provided at the end of each module.

This module and its multiple choice questions are available online on the website of the Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine (www.ijpm.org). The CPD policy of the College of Psychiatry of Ireland indicates that psychiatrists who participate in suitable online learning which fits the criteria for CPD may claim CPD points under the Personal CPD category (up to a maximum of 5 points per year).

We are confident that this CPD Section of the Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine will prove to be a valuable resource for consultant psychiatrists, psychiatric trainees and all journal readers. We welcome feedback from readers and, especially, any suggestions for topics to be covered in future CPD modules. Suggestions should be emailed to: psychological@medmedia.ie

Type
Continuing Professional Development – New!
Information
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , December 2009 , pp. i - vii
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Room, R, Babur, T, Rehm, J. Alcohol and public health. Lancet 2005; 365: 519–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Barclay, GA, Barbour, J, Stewart, S, Day, CP, Gilvarry, E. Adverse physical effects of alcohol misuse. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2008; 14: 139–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Alcohol 2004. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2004.Google Scholar
4.World Health Organization. Global Information System on Alcohol and Health, http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/default.asp (accessed November 2009).Google Scholar
5.Mongan, D, Reynolds, S, Fangan, S, Long, J. Health related consequences of problem alcohol use. Overview 6. Dublin: Health Research Board, 2007.Google Scholar
6.Hope, A. Alcohol Consumption in Ireland 1986-2006. Health Service Executive - Alcohol Implementation Group, 2007.Google Scholar
7.Hope, A, Gill, A, Costello, G, Sheehan, J, Brazil, E, Reid, V. Alcohol and injuries in the accident and emergency department: a national perspective. Dublin: Health Promotion Unit, Department of Health and Children, 2005.Google Scholar
8.Bradford, D, McKeown, N, Vellinga, A, Howell, F. Alcohol in factual road crashes in Ireland in 2003. Naas: Health Service Executive - Population Health Directorate, 2006.Google Scholar
9.Hope, A. Alcohol Related Harm in Ireland. Health Service Executive - Alcohol Implementation Group. 2008.Google Scholar
10.British Medical Association. Alcohol Misuse: Tackling the UK epidemic. British Medical Association Board of Science, 2008.Google Scholar
11.Department of Heath and Children. Strategic Taskforce on Alcohol Second Report 2004. Dublin: Health Promotion Unit - Department of Heath and Children, 2004.Google Scholar
12.Department of Justice. Intoxicating Liquor Act 2008. Dublin: Department of Justice, 2008. http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2008/en/act/pub/0017/index.html (accessed November 2009).Google Scholar
13.McKee, M, Belcher, P, Hervey, T. Reducing harm from alcohol. BMJ 2009; 338: 784–785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Minihan, M. Angry FF debate on drink-driving. Irish Times 20/10/09. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2009/1020/breaking27.htm (accessed November 2009).Google Scholar
15.Dar, K. Alcohol use disorders in the elderly: fact or fiction? Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2006; 12: 173–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Day, E, George, S. Management of drug misuse in pregnancy. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2005; 11: 253–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.McCardle, P. Use and misuse of drugs and alcohol in adolescence. BMJ 2008; 337: 46–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Hacque, Q, Cumming, I. Intoxication and legal defences. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2003; 9: 144–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.British Medical Association. Alcohol: guidelines on sensible drinking. British Medical Association, BMJ Books, 1995.Google Scholar
20.Parker, AJ, Marshall, EJ, Ball, DM. Diagnosis and management of alcohol use disorders. BMJ 2008; 336: 496–501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.World Health Organisation. International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Geneva: World Health Organisation. 1994.Google Scholar
22.Raistrick, D, Heather, N, Godfrey, C. Review of the Effectiveness of Treatment for Alcohol Problems. UK National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse, 2006.Google Scholar
23.Williams, S, Brown, A, Patton, R, Crawford, MJ, Touquet, R. The half-life of the “teachable moment” for alcohol misusing patients in the emergency department. Drug Alcohol Dependence 2005; 77: 205–208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.World Health Organisation. AUDIT-the alcohol use disorders identification test: guidelines for use in primary care. 2nd ed. 2001. www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/alcohol/en/ (accessed November 2009).Google Scholar
25.Hodgson, R, Alwyn, T, John, B, Thorn, B. Smith, A. The FAST alcohol screening test. Alcohol Alcohol 2002; 37: 61–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26. 18. Bush, K, Kivlahan, DR, McDonell, MB, Fihn, SD, Bradley, KA. The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C): an effective brief screening test for problem drinking. Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project (ACQUIP). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Archives Internal Medicine 1998; 158: 1789–1795.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Smith, SGT, Touquet, R, Wright, S, Das Gupta, N. Detection of alcohol misusing patients in accident and emergency departments: the Paddington alcohol test (PAT). J Accid Emerg Med 1996; 13: 308–312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.McCusker, MT, Basquille, J, Khwaja, M, Murray-Lyon, IM, Catalan, J. Hazardous and harmful drinking: a comparison of the AUDIT and CAGE screening questionnaires. QJM 2002; 95: 591–595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Foster, JHPeters, TJ, Marshall, EJ. Quality of life measures and outcome in alcohol-dependent men and women. Alcohol 2000; 22: 45–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30.Chang, G. Alcohol screening instruments for pregnant women. National Institute on alcohol abuse and alcoholism, http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-3/204-209.htm (accessed October 2009).Google Scholar
31.Drummond, C, Ghodse, H. Use of investigations in the diagnosis and management of alcohol use disorders. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 1999; 5: 366–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.Mann, M. Marty Mann's New Primer on Alcoholism: How people drink, how to recognize alcoholics and what to do about them. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1981.Google Scholar
33.Fingarette, H. Heavy Drinking: The myth of alcoholism as a disease. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.Google Scholar
34.Miller, WR, Rollnick, S. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change (2nd edn). Guilford Press, 2002.Google Scholar
35.Project MATCH Research Group. Matching alcohol treatments to client heterogeneity. Project MATCH post treatment drinking outcomes. Journal of Studies on Alcoholism 1997; 58: 7–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
36.Sanchez-Craig, M, Annis, HM, Bornet, AR, MacDonald, KR. Random assignment to abstinence and controlled drinking: evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral program for problem drinkers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1984; 52: 390–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37.Foy, DW, Nunn, LB, Rychtarick, RG. Broad spectrum behavioural treatment for chronic alcoholics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1984; 52: 218–230–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38.Luty, J (2006) What works in alcohol use disorders? Advances in Psychiatric Treatment; 12: 13–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
39.Osborne, LA. The clinical approach to alcoholism. JAMA 1950; 143: 165–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
40.Edwards, G, Guthrie, S. A controlled trial of inpatient and outpatient treatment of alcohol dependency. Lancet 1967; 1: 555–559.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41.Miller, WR, Wilbourne, PD, Hetema, JE. What works? A summary of alcohol treatment outcome research. In Handbook of Alcoholism Treatment Approaches: Effective Alternatives (eds Hester, RK, Miller, WR): 13–63. Allyn and Bacon, 2003.Google Scholar
42.United Kingdom Alcohol Treatment Trial Research Team. Effectiveness of treatment for alcohol problems. Findings of the randomised UK Alcohol Treatment Trial (UKATT). BMJ 2005; 331: 541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
43.Rao, H, Luty, J. The future of specialised alcohol treatment services: a matter of policy? Advances on Psychiatric Treatment 2009; 15: 253–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
44.Expert Group on Mental Health Policy. Vision for Change. Dublin: The Stationary Office, 2006.Google Scholar
45.Department of Community, Gaeltacht and Rural Affairs. National Drugs Strategy 2009-2016. Department of Community, Gaeltacht and Rural Affairs. 2009.Google Scholar
46.Moyer, A, Finney, JW, Swearingen, CE, Vergun, P. Brief interventions for alcohol problems. A meta-analytic review of controlled investigations in treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking populations. Addiction 2002; 97: 279–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
47.Kaner, EFS, Beyer, F, Dickinson, HO, Ptenaar, E, Campbell, F, Schlesinger, C, Heather, N, Sauders, J, Burnand, B. Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Apr 18; (2):CD004148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
48.Boland, B, Drumond, C, Kaner, E. Brief alcohol interventions - everybody's business. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2008; 14: 469–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
49.Crawford, MJ, Patton, R, Touquet, R, Drummond, C, Byford, S, Barrett, B, Reece, B, Brown, A, Henry, JA. Screening and referral for brief intervention of alcohol-misusing patients in an emergency department: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 364: 1334–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
50.Miller, W, Sanchez, V. Motivating young adults for treatment and lifestyle change. In: Howard, G, ed. Issues in alcohol use and misuse by young adults. Notre Dame, IN, USA: University of Notre Dame Press, 1994: 55–82.Google Scholar
51.Tucker, JA, Roth, DL. Extending the evidence hierarchy to enhance evidence-based practice for substance use disorders. Addiction 2006; 101: 918–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
52. Alcoholics Anonymous. The 12 Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous. http://www.alcoholicsanonymous.ie/opencontent/default.asp?itemid=10&section-12+Steps+%2D+12+Traditions. (accessed November 2009).Google Scholar
53.Humphreys, K. Circles of recovery: self-help organisations for addictions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
54.Velleman, R, Templeton, L. Understanding and modifying the impact of parent's substance misuse on children. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2007; 13: 79–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
55.Edwards, G, Duckitt, A, Oppenheimer, E, Sheehan, M, Taylor, C. What happens to alcoholics? Lancet 1983; 2: 269–271.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuller, RK & Gordis, E. Does disulfiram have a role in alcoholism treatment today? Addiction, 2004; 99: 21–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
56.Fuller, RK & Gordis, E. Does disulfiram have a role in alcoholism treatment today? Addiction, 2004; 99: 21–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
57.Chick, J, Gough, K, Falkowski, W, Kershaw, P, Hore, B, Mehta, B, Ritson, B, Ropner, R, Torley, D. Disulfiram treatment of alcoholism. British Journal of Psychiatry 1992, 161, 84–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
58.Hughes, JC, Cook, CCH. The efficacy of disulfiram. A review of outcome studies. Addiction 1997; 92: 381–395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
59.Sass, H, Soyka, M, Mann, K, Zieglgansberger, W. Relapse prevention by acamprosate. Archives of General Psychiatry 1996; 53: 673–680.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
60.Chick, J, Howlett, H, Morgan, MY, Ritson, B. United Kingdom Multicentre Acamprosate Study (UKMAS). A 6-month prospective study of acamprosate versus placebo in preventing relapse after withdrawal from alcohol. Alcohol and Alcoholism 2000; 35: 176–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
61.Bouza, C, Magro, A, Murioz, A, Amate, JM. Efficacy and safety of naltrexone and acamprosate in the treatment of alcohol dependence. A systematic review. Addiction 2004; 99: 811–28.Google ScholarPubMed
62.Chick, J, Anton, R, Checinski, K, Croop, R, Drummond, DC, Farmer, R, Labriola, D, Marshall, J, Moncrieff, J, Morgan, MY, Peters, T, Ritson, B. A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence or abuse. Alcohol and Alcoholism 2000; 35: 587–593.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
63.Kiefer, F, Jahn, H, Tarnaske, T, Helwig, H, Briken, P, Holzbach, R, Kampf, P, Stracke, R, Baehr, M, Naber, D, Wiedemann, K. Comparing and combining naltrexone and acamprosate in relapse prevention of alcoholism: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Archives of General Psychiatry 2003; 60: 92–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
64.Anton, RF, O'Malley, SS, Ciraulo, DA, Cisler, RA, Couper, D, Donovan, DM, Gastfriend, DR, Hosking, JD, Johnson, BA, LoCastro, JS, Longabaugh, R, Mason, BJ, Mattson, ME, Miller, WR, Pettinati, HM, Randall, CL, Swift, R, Weiss, RD, Williams, LD, Zweben, A; COMBINE Study Research Group. Combined pharmacotherapies and behavioural interventions for alcohol dependence. The COMBINE study. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2006; 295: 2003–2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
65.Malcolm, RJ. GABA systems, benzodiazepines and substance dependence. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2003; 64; s36–40.Google ScholarPubMed
66.Brower, KJ, Myra Kim, H, Strobbe, S, Karam-Hage, MA, Consens, F, Zucker, RA. A randomized double-blind pilot trial of gabapentin versus placebo to treat alcohol dependence and comorbid insomnia. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2008; 32: 1429–1438CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
67.Paparrigopoulos, T, Tzavellas, E, Karaiskos, D, Malitas, P, Liappas, I. An open pilot study of tiagabine in alcohol dependence: tolerability and clinical effects. Journal of Psychopharmacology 2009; Epub Apr 3rd.Google ScholarPubMed
68.Kenna, GA, Lomastro, TL, Schiesl, A, Leggio, L, Swift, RM. Review of topiramate: an antiepileptic for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Curr Drug Abuse Rev 2009; 2: 135–142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
69.Martinotti, G. Di Nicola, M, Di Giannantonio, M, Janiri, L. Aripiprazole in the treatment of patients with alcohol dependence: a double-blind, comparison trial vs. naltrexone. Journal of Psychopharmacology 2009; 23: 123–129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
70.Soyka, M, Koller, G, Schmidt, P, Lesch, OM, Leweke, M, Fehr, C, Gann, H, Mann, KF; ACTOL Study Investigators. Cannabinoid receptor 1 blocker rimonabant (SR 141716) for treatment of alcohol dependence: results from a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2008; 28: 317–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
71.Barrett, SP, Pihl, RO, Benkelfat, C, Brunelle, C, Young, SN, Leyton, M. The role of dopamine in alcohol self-administration in humans: individual differences. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2008; 18: 439–447.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
72.Bodani, M, Reed, LJ, Kopelman, MD. Addictive and Toxic Disorders. In Lishman's Organic Psychiatry (4rth Ed.). Wiley-Blackwell 2009, pp689–743.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
73.Hoaken, PN, Stewart, SH. Drugs of abuse and the elicitation of human aggressive behaviour. Addictive Behaviours 2003; 28: 1533–1554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
74.Coid, J. Manie a potu: a critical review of pathological intoxication. Psychological Medicine 1979; 9: 700–719.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
75.Sweeney, DF. Alcoholic blackouts: legal implications. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 1990; 7: 155–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
76.Ritvo, JI, Park, C. The psychiatric management of patients with alcohol dependence. Current Treatments in Neurology 2007; 9: 381–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
77.McKeon, A, Frye, MA, Delanty, N. The alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2008; 79, 854–862.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
78.Kahn, DR, Barnhorst, AV, Bourgeois, JA. A case of alcohol withdrawal requiring 1,600 mg of lorazepam in 24 hours. CNS Spectrum 2009; 14: 385–389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
79.Hayashida, M, Aiterman, A, McLellan, AT, O'Brien, CP, Purtill, JJ, Volpicelli, JR, Raphaelson, AH, Hall, CP. Comparative effectiveness and costs of inpatient and outpatient detoxification of patients with mild-to-moderate alcohol withdrawal syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine 1989; 320: 358–365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
80.Thomson, AD, Cook, CCH, Touquet, R, Henty, JA. The Royal College of Physicians report on alcohol: guidelines for managing Wernicke's encephalopathy in the accident and emergency department. Alcohol & Alcoholism 2002; 37: 513–521.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
81.Thomson, AD, Marshall, EJ. The treatment of patients at risk of developing Wernicke's encephalopathy in the community. Alcohol Alcohol 2006; 41: 151–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
82.Victor, M, Adams, RD, Collins, GH. The Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 1971.Google ScholarPubMed
83.Gupta, S, Warner, J. Alcohol-related dementia: a 21st century silent epidemic? British Journal of Psychiatry 2008; 193: 351–353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
84.Bowden, SC. Separating cognitive impairment in neurologically asymptomatic alcoholism from Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: is the neuropsychological distinction justified. Psychological Bulletin 1990; 107: 355–366.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
85.Ferguson, DM, Boden, JM, Horwood, J. Tests of causal links between alcohol abuse of dependence and major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 2009; 66: 260–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
86.Lingford-Hughes, A, Potokar, J, Nutt, D. Treating anxiety complicated by substance misuse. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2002; 8: 107–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
87.Regier, DA, Farmer, ME, Rae, DS, Locke, BZ, Keith, SJ, Judd, LL, Goodwin, FK. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area(ECA) Study. JAMA. 1990; 264: 2511–2518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
88.Mcintosh, C, Ritson, B. Treating depression complicated by substance misuse. Advances in Psychiatric treatment 2001; 7: 357–364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
89.Berglund, M, Ojehagen, A. The influence of alcohol drinking and alcohol use disorders on psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviour. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 1998; 22: s333–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
90.Raimo, EB, Schuckit, MA. Alcohol dependence and mood disorders. Addictive Behaviours 1998; 23: 933–946.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
91.Raistrick, D. Management of alcohol detoxification. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2000; 6: 348–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
92.Lynskey, MT. The comorbidity of alcohol dependence and affective disorders: treatment implications. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 1998; 52: 201–209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
93.Randall, CL, Thomas, SE, Thevos, AK. Concurrent alcoholism and social anxiety disorder: a first step toward developing effective treatments. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 2001; 25: 210–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
94.Crome, IB, Myton, T. Pharmacotherapy in dual diagnosis. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2004; 10: 413–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar