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Towards a process-based model to predict dune erosion along the Dutch Wadden coast

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2014

B.G. Ruessink ,
M. Boers ,
P.F.C. van Geer ,
A.T.M. de Bakker ,
A. Pieterse ,
F. Grasso  and
R.C. de Winter
B.G. Ruessink*
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
M. Boers
Affiliation:
Deltares, P.O. Box 177, NL-2600 MH Delft, the Netherlands
P.F.C. van Geer
Affiliation:
Deltares, P.O. Box 177, NL-2600 MH Delft, the Netherlands
A.T.M. de Bakker
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
A. Pieterse
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
F. Grasso
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
R.C. de Winter
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
*
*Email: b.g.ruessink@uu.nl.
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Abstract

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An equilibrium dune-erosion model is used every six years to assess the capability of the most seaward dune row on the Dutch Wadden islands to withstand a storm with a 1 in 10,000 probability for a given year. The present-day model is the culmination of numerous laboratory experiments with an initial cross-shore profile based on the central Netherlands coast. Large parts of the dune coast of the Wadden islands have substantially different dune and cross-shore profile characteristics than found along this central coast, related to the presence of tidal channels, ebb-tidal deltas, beach-plains and strong coastal curvature. This complicated coastal setting implies that the predictions of the dune-erosion model are sometimes doubtful; accordingly, a shift towards a process-based dune-erosion model has been proposed. A number of research findings based on recent laboratory and field studies highlight only few of the many challenges that need to be faced in order to develop and test such a model. Observations of turbulence beneath breaking waves indicate the need to include breaking-wave effects in sand transport equations, while current knowledge of infragravity waves, one of the main sand transporting mechanisms during severe storm conditions, is strongly challenged by laboratory and field observations on gently sloping beaches that are so typical of the Wadden islands. We argue that in-situ and remote-sensing field observations, laboratory experiments and numerical models need to be the pillars of Earth Scientific research in the Wadden Sea area to construct a meaningful process-based dune-erosion tool.

Keywords

dunesdune erosionstorm wavesequilibrium modelbeach-plainfield measurementslaboratory experiments
Type
Research Article
Information
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences , Volume 91 , Issue 3 , November 2012 , pp. 357 - 372
Copyright
Copyright © Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2012

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