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Developing an Efficient Catalyst Based on Thermal and Acid-Treated Clay for the Removal of Trace Olefins From Aromatic Compounds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Nooshin Nouri ,
Mahboubeh Tasviri Open the ORCID record for Mahboubeh Tasviri [Opens in a new window]  and
Hossein Ghasemzadeh
Nooshin Nouri
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
Mahboubeh Tasviri*
Affiliation:
Department of Physical and Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Hossein Ghasemzadeh
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: m_tasviri@sbu.ac.ir
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Abstract

Bentonite is used as a catalyst in the removal of olefins from aromatic compounds and the present study was designed to investigate how its performance might be improved by various treatments. Bentonite from Semnan mine, Iran, was used in the study following initial characterization. In order to investigate the effect of acid and thermal treatments on the removal of olefins from aromatic compounds, bentonite samples were modified using HNO3 at different concentrations (0.15, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1, and 2 M) and were also at temperatures between 100 and 340°C for 3 h. To examine the catalytic activity of bentonite-based catalysts, the samples were evaluated after running batch and continuous experiments. The optimum catalyst was characterized using thermo-programmed desorption (TPD) of NH3 to examine the acidic sites. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET analysis), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to study the structural changes of the bentonite produced by the acid and thermal activation. The removal of olefins by the catalysts in batch and continuous systems revealed that the sample modified with 0.3 M Nitric acid at 150°C had superior catalytic activity, with olefin conversion remaining at >50% for up to 20 h. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms showed that acid treatment can produce a mesoporous structure. On the other hand, the TPD analysis indicated that during weak acid treatment, some cations, such as Al3+ and Fe3+, were leached from octahedral sheets and the interlayers of the clay mineral resulting in weak acid sites being generated. Finally, a novel method was proposed and tested for measuring the Bromine Index (BI) using potentiometric titration.

Keywords

Acid treatmentAromatic compoundBentoniteBromine IndexOlefin removal
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 69 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 105 - 116
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2020

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