Abstract
Purpose
This research investigates the main specifications of eggshell which are the thickness of the shell and its strength. For this purpose, random sampling was implemented on 180 fresh and healthy eggs of Bovance breed produced at Ghazvin province agricultural jihad organization’s training center.
Methods
To measure the shell thickness, four methods, dial gauge, ultrasound waves, micro-meter and photometer, were applied. Due to its precision, the indicator hour destructive measurement method was selected as the control method.
Results
By analyzing and comparing data collected through 4 methods in the research, a significant difference between measurement methods was revealed. Moreover, comparing the measurement methods with the control method (dial gauge), the lowest measurement error was that of the ultrasound wave measurement method with 7.1% and the highest was that of the photometer method with 15.7%. Furthermore, regression equations are determined for the referred measurement methods with the shell strength.
Conclusion
It was observed that the ultrasound method compared to other methods proposed in this study is more accurate for measuring the thickness of the eggshell non-destructively. Therefore, the non-destructive ultrasonic measurement method can be a suitable alternative to these methods due to the proximity of the measured values to non-destructive, direct, and accurate destructive methods. Since the ultrasound method is a fast and relatively inexpensive method, this method can be used in the quality grading process of eggs.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
Not applicable.
References
Abdullah, B. I., & Abdulkadir, M. R. (2016). Correlation between destructive and non- destructive tests results for concrete compressive strength. Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani Part A, 18(4), 119–132. https://doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10631
Aboonajmi, M., Akram, A., Nishizu, T., Kondo, N., Setarehdan, S. K., & Rajabipour, A. (2010). An ultrasound based technique for the determination of poultry egg quality. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 56(No. 1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.17221/18/2009-RAE
Bain, M. M. (2005). Recent advances in the assessment of eggshell quality and their future application. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 61(2), 268–277. https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS200459
Bayfield, R. (1966). Relationship of shell thickness to egg volume and egg density. Poultry Science, 45(6), 1416–1418. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0451416
Caner, C., & Yuceer, M. (2014). Maintaining functional properties of shell eggs by ultrasound treatment. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95(14), 2880–2891. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7029
Cruz-Tirado, J. P., Silva Medeiros, M. L., & FernandesBarbin, D. (2021). On-line monitoring of egg freshness using a portable NIR spectrometer in tandem with machine learning. Journal of Food Engineering, 306, 110643. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JFOODENG.2021.110643
Dong, J., Dong, X., Li, Y., Zhang, B., Zhao, L., & Chao, K. (2020). Prediction of infertile chicken eggs before hatching by the Naïve-Bayes method combined with visible near infrared transmission spectroscopy. Spectroscopy Letters, 53(5), 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/00387010.2020.1748061
Englmaierová, M., Tůmová, E., Charvátová, V., & Skřivan, M. (2014). Effects of laying hens housing system on laying performance, egg quality characteristics, and egg microbial contamination. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 59(No. 8), 345–352. https://doi.org/10.17221/77/2017-CJAS
Gould, R. W. (1972). Non-Destructive egg shell thickness measurements using ultrasonic energy. Poultry Science, 51(4), 1460–1461. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0511460
Hunton, P. (2005). Research on eggshell structure and quality: An historical overview. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 7(2), 67–71. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2005000200001
Hunton, P., & Voisey, P. W. (1972). Egg shell deformation: Field comparison of two measurement devices1. British Poultry Science, 13(2), 109–113. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071667208415924
Liu, Y., Ren, X., Yu, H., Cheng, Y., Guo, Y., Yao, W., & Xie, Y. (2020). Non-destructive and online egg freshness assessment from the egg shell based on Raman spectroscopy. Food Control, 118, 107426. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195484
Recognition and analysis of the situation of laying hen industry in Iran. (2017). National Association of Trade Unions and Breeders of Laying Hens of Iran. Google Scholar.
Sabuncu, M., & Akdoğan, M. (2014). Utilizing optical coherence tomography in the nondestructive and noncontact measurement of egg shell thickness. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/205191
Tung, M. A., Staley, L. M., & Richards, J. F. (1968). Studies on egg shell strength, shell stiffness, shell quantity, egg size and shape. British Poultry Science, 9(3), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071666808415713
Voisey, P. W., & Hamilton, R. M. G. (1975). Behaviour of egg shell under compression in relation to deformation measurements1. British Poultry Science, 16(5), 461–470. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071667508416214
Yimenu, S. M., Kim, J. Y., & Kim, B. S. (2017). Prediction of egg freshness during storage using electronic nose. Poultry Science, 96(10), 3733–3746. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex193
Zaki Dizaji, H. (2010). Ultrasonic quality meter for agricultural products. Fifth National Congress of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Engineers. Mashhad. Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/52764/
Code Availability
Not applicable.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by [Author1], [Author2], and [Author3]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [Author2] and [Author3] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Amini, S., MohamadZamani, D. & Javidan, S.M. Investigation of the Relationship Between Egg Shell Strength and Thickness Using Non-Destructive Ultrasound Method. J. Biosyst. Eng. 47, 263–269 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42853-022-00144-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42853-022-00144-y