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BaTiO3-based ceramics with high energy storage density

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Abstract

BaTiO3 ceramics are difficult to withstand high electric fields, so the energy storage density is relatively low, inhabiting their applications for miniaturized and lightweight power electronic devices. To address this issue, we added Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3 (SBT) into BaTiO3 (BT) to destroy the long-range ferroelectric domains. Ca2+ was introduced into BT-SBT in the form of CaTiO3 (CT), which has the effect of inhibiting the movement of A-site defects to reduce dielectric loss and refining the grains to increase the breakdown field strength. In addition, we have increased the density and grain uniformity of ceramics by repeated rolling of the green samples through the viscous polymer processing (VPP), to further increase the breakdown electric field. The BT-SBT-CT ceramics exhibit the high recoverable energy storage density of 4.0 J·cm−3 under electric field of 480 kV·cm−1. Its recoverable energy storage density varies by less than 8% in the temperature range of 30–150 °C, indicating good temperature stability of the energy storage performance. In this work, the energy storage performance of barium titanate-based ceramics was greatly improved by transforming ferroelectrics into relaxor ferroelectrics and VPP method, which can bring new inspiration for the research of energy storage ceramics.

Graphical abstract

摘要

BaTiO3陶瓷难以承受高电场, 储能密度较低, 这不利于电力电子器件向小型化、轻量化的方向发展。为了解决这个问题, 我们将Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3 (SBT) 添加到 BaTiO3 (BT) 中破坏其长程铁电畴。以CaTiO3 (CT) 的形式把Ca2+引入到BT-SBT中, 这可以通过抑制A位缺陷移动来降低介电损耗, 并且还可以通过细化晶粒来提高击穿场强。此外, 我们通过粘性聚合物加工 (VPP) 工艺对生坯样品进行反复辊压, 提高了陶瓷的密度和晶粒均匀性, 从而进一步提高击穿电场。BT-SBT-CT陶瓷在480 kV·cm−1的电场下表现出4.0 J·cm−3的高可恢复储能密度。其可恢复储能密度在30 ‒ 150 °C温度范围内的变化小于8%, 表明其储能性能具有良好的温度稳定性。本工作通过将铁电体转化为弛豫铁电体以及通过VPP工艺, 大大提高了钛酸钡基陶瓷的储能性能, 可为储能陶瓷的研究带来新的启发。

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2021YFB3800602); the National Nature Science Foundation of China-NSAF (No. 52172129); the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Nos. 2021GXLH-Z-025 and 2020JM-004); Beilin 2021 Applied Technology Research and Development Project (No. GX2118).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electronic Materials Research Lab, Key Lab of Education Ministry and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China

    Yang Li, Ming-Yang Tang, Qi Li, Jing-Lei Li, Zhuo Xu & Fei Li

  2. Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Zhong-Gang Zhang

  3. School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Gang Liu

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  1. Yang Li
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Li, Y., Tang, MY., Zhang, ZG. et al. BaTiO3-based ceramics with high energy storage density. Rare Met. 42, 1261–1273 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02175-y

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