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Beneficial Short-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Nutritional Inflammatory Profile and Metabolic Biomarkers

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Abstract

Purpose

Bariatric surgery (BS) has several potential metabolic benefits. However, little is known about its impact on changes in the inflammatory potential of diet and its effect on inflammatory and metabolic markers. This study aimed to assess the short-term beneficial effects of BS on dietary inflammatory potential and inflammatory and metabolic markers.

Materials and Methods

Participants (n = 20) were evaluated 3 months before and after BS. Body mass, body mass index, anthropometric measurements, fat mass, fat-free mass, visceral fat, skeletal muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, serum lipids, HOMA-IR, QUICKI and inflammatory markers, including leptin, adiponectin, adiponectin/leptin ratio and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), were evaluated. Diet data were collected using a 3-day diet record and the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DIITM) scores were computed.

Results

There was a reduction in DII® (2.56 vs 2.13) and E-DIITM (2.18 vs 0.45) indicating an improvement in inflammatory nutritional profile. Moreover, there were increases in the adiponectin/leptin ratio (0.08 vs 0.21) and QUICKI scores (0.31 vs 0.37), and reductions in leptin (36.66 vs 11.41 ng/ml) and HOMA-IR scores (3.93 vs 1.50). There were also improvements in body composition and anthropometric parameters.

Conclusions

BS promotes changes in metabolic profile, inflammatory state and food intake and these modifications appeared to be associated with improvements in diet-related inflammation, an increase in the adiponectin/leptin ratio and a reduction in leptin. These results contribute to knowledge on the contribution bariatric surgery can make to the treatment of obesity and the reduction of related comorbidities.

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Funding

Support Foundation of São Paulo Research - FAPESP (#2018/15921-8), Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa - AFIP, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq, and Coordination of Higher Education Personnel Training - CAPES.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 – Térreo, Vila Matias, Santos, 11015020, Brazil

    Danielle Cristina Seva, Marcos Mônico-Neto, Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes & Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos

  2. Post Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marcos Mônico-Neto, Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes, Lia Rita Azeredo Bittencourt & Sergio Tufik

  3. BariMais - Medicina Integrada, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marcos Mônico-Neto & Thales Delmondes Galvão

  4. Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil

    Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes

  5. Department of Bioquimic, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Jessica Monteiro Volejnik Pino

  6. Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Lia Rita Azeredo Bittencourt

  7. Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPMP), São Paulo, Brazil

    Ana R. Dâmaso & Lila Missae Oyama

  8. Department of Physiology Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Lila Missae Oyama

  9. Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Nitin Shivappa & James R. Hébert

  10. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Nitin Shivappa & James R. Hébert

  11. Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC, USA

    Nitin Shivappa & James R. Hébert

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  1. Danielle Cristina Seva
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  2. Marcos Mônico-Neto
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Contributions

Danielle Cristina Seva (A, B, C and D); Marcos Mônico-Neto (A, B, C and D); Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes (A, B, C and D); Jessica Monteiro Volejnik Pino (A, B, C and D); Lia Rita Azeredo Bittencourt (A, B, C and D); Thales Delmondes Galvão (A, B, C and D); Ana R. Dâmaso (A, B, C and D); Lila Missae Oyama (A, B, C and D); Nitin Shivappa (A, B, C and D); James R. Hébert (A, B, C and D); Sergio Tufik (A, B, C and D); Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos (A, B, C and D)

A—Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work;

B—Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content;

C—Final approval of the version to be published;

D—Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marcos Mônico-Neto.

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Ethics approval

This study was conducted under the principles of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of Interest

Dr. James R. Hébert owns controlling interest in Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), a company that has licensed the right to his invention of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) from the University of South Carolina in order to develop computer and smart phone applications for patient counseling and dietary intervention in clinical settings. Dr. Nitin Shivappa is an employee of CHI. The subject matter of this paper will not have any direct bearing on that work, nor has that activity exerted any influence on this project.

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Key Points

• Bariatric surgery improves metabolic state

• Positive effects in dietary inflammatory profile occur after bariatric surgery

• Increase in the adiponectin/leptin ratio and a reduction in leptin occur after bariatric surgery

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Seva, D.C., Mônico-Neto, M., Antunes, H.K.M. et al. Beneficial Short-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Nutritional Inflammatory Profile and Metabolic Biomarkers. OBES SURG 33, 2789–2798 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-023-06743-8

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