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Growth, haemato-biochemical, hormonal and disease characteristics in Black Bengal goats: a review

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Abstract

The goats have been considered one of the noteworthy animals to provide food security and could promote socio-economic upliftment under challenging climatic scenarios in the coming decades, particularly in the tropics. Black Bengal goat (BBG) is one of the recognised native meat-type breeds of hot-humid tropics with distinguished characteristics, including superior-quality meat, excellent skin and high prolificacy. Smaller body mass, lower metabolic rate and efficient utilisation of high-fibre forages enable BBG to adapt to a wide range of harsh climates in the tropics. The BBG can maintain physiological homeostasis efficiently in terms of electrolyte profile, endocrine functions and haemato-biochemical traits in different life phases, including the gestation period, even in high-saline coastal areas of hot-humid tropics. Crossbreeding to improve its growth rate has been attempted, but the prolificacy has been decayed. This review is intended to attract global attention to the adaptive potentialities of Black Bengal goats in terms of growth and production, haemato-biochemical, endocrinological, salt tolerance and disease characteristics that could be an asset of climate-resilient agricultural farming.

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  1. Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India

    Pradip Kumar Das, Joydip Mukherjee, Dipak Banerjee & Prabal Ranjan Ghosh

  2. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India

    Indranil Samanta

  3. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India

    Ruma Jas

  4. Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, West Bengal, India

    Amlan Kumar Patra

  5. American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, Oklahoma, 73050, USA

    Amlan Kumar Patra

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The concept of this article was generated by PKD, JM and AKP. The literature search and preparation of tables were performed by DB, IS and RJ. The article was drafted by PKD, PRG, JM and AKP. The article was critically revised and edited by PKD and AKP. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Highlights

• The slaughter age of BBG was 12 months, with a mean body weight of 12.9 kg and a dressing percentage of 41 to 45.

• BBG possess higher haemoglobin and total erythrocyte count values compared to other Indian goat breeds reared in plain areas.

• The BBG has a potent intrinsic physiological mechanism to maintain the growth processes, compensating the stress through interactions of various hormones, particularly hormones of the adrenal cortex.

• Black Bengal goats are mostly resistant to nematode infections.

• Black Bengal goats of the coastal saline areas have salt tolerance capacities.

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Das, P.K., Mukherjee, J., Banerjee, D. et al. Growth, haemato-biochemical, hormonal and disease characteristics in Black Bengal goats: a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 56, 52 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-024-03898-z

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