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Characterization of interferon gamma gene in relation to immunological responses in Haemonchus contortus resistant and susceptible Garole sheep

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Abstract

Garole sheep exhibits within-breed difference in resistance to natural gastrointestinal nematode infection predominated by Haemonchus contortus. In the present study, interferon gamma gene (IFN-γ) was characterized in relation to parasitological, haematological, and immune response against H. contortus in resistant and susceptible Garole sheep. Resistant and susceptible Garole sheep were selected from the field based on consistent low faecal egg counts (FEC) for one year and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFN-γ gene. The partial amplification of IFN-γ gene (1282 bp) revealed 4 SNPs exclusively in resistant sheep and 3 SNPs were shared between resistant and susceptible Garole sheep. The selected resistant and susceptible Garole sheep were challenged with H. contortus infection. The parasitological, haematological, immunological responses, and expression of IFN-γ gene were compared between the resistant and susceptible Garole sheep. The FEC of resistant sheep was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the susceptible sheep infected with H. contortus. There was spontaneous elimination of H. contortus from 28 to 33 days post infection (DPI) in resistant sheep. Haemoglobin and packed cell volume were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in resistant sheep than the susceptible sheep. The serum concentration of immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 and IgA and cytokine IFN-γ activity and also the expression of IFN-γ gene were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the infected resistant sheep from 14 to 28 DPI compared to the susceptible sheep. In resistant sheep, IgA and IgG1 and cytokine IFN-γ positively correlated with expression of IFN-γ gene, and the SNPs recorded in the resistant sheep only might play an important role in conferring resistance against H. contortus. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of IFN-γ gene in H. contortus resistance in Garole sheep.

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The datasets generated in this study are included in this article (and its supplementary information files) and are also available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thankfully acknowledge Late Prof. J. D. Ghosh.

Funding

The financial assistance of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi in conducting this study under the research project entitled “All India Network Programme on Gastrointestinal Parasitism.”

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, Kshudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata, 700 037, West Bengal, India

    Anupam Brahma, Ruma Jas, Surajit Baidya, Soumitra Pandit & Subhas Chandra Mandal

  2. Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, Kshudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata, 700 037, West Bengal, India

    Amlan Kumar Patra

  3. Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, Kshudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata, 700 037, West Bengal, India

    Dipak Banerjee & Kinsuk Das

Authors
  1. Anupam Brahma
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  2. Ruma Jas
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  3. Amlan Kumar Patra
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  4. Surajit Baidya
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  5. Soumitra Pandit
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  6. Subhas Chandra Mandal
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  7. Dipak Banerjee
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  8. Kinsuk Das
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Contributions

Anupam Brahma: Methodology, Data curation, Investigation; Ruma Jas: Conceptualization, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft; Amlan Kumar Patra: Data analysis, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing; Surajit Baidya: Resource; Soumitra Pandit: Data curation; Subhas Chandra Mandal: Visualization; Dipak Banerjee: Formal analysis, Data Curation; Kinsuk Das: Methodology, Investigation. All authors approved the final version of this manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ruma Jas.

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Ethical approval

The entire experimental design and protocol for the present work for animal caring were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee of the West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata (763/GO/Re/SL/03/CPCSEA) approved by the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying; Government of India.

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Authors declare that there are no competing financial interests and personal relationships that could inappropriately influence the present research work.

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Brahma, A., Jas, R., Patra, A.K. et al. Characterization of interferon gamma gene in relation to immunological responses in Haemonchus contortus resistant and susceptible Garole sheep. Vet Res Commun 47, 599–614 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-022-10015-8

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