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A Statistical Investigation of the Neupert Effect in Solar Flares Observed with ASO-S/HXI

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Abstract

The Neupert effect refers to the strong correlation between the soft X-ray (SXR) light curve and the time-integrated hard X-ray (HXR) or microwave flux, which is frequently observed in solar flares. In this article, we therefore utilized the newly launched Hard X-ray Imager (HXI) on board the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory to investigate the Neupert effect during solar flares. By checking the HXR light curves at 20 – 50 keV, a sample of 149 events that cover the flare impulsive phase were selected. Then, we performed a crosscorrelation analysis between the HXR fluence (i.e., the time integral of the HXR flux) and the SXR 1 – 8 Å flux measured by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite. All the selected flares show high correlation coefficients (>0.90), which seem to be independent of the flare location and class. The HXR fluences tend to increase linearly with the SXR peak fluxes. Our observations indicate that all the selected flares obey the Neupert effect.

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Data Availability

No datasets were generated during the current study.

Notes

  1. https://www.solarmonitor.org/?date=20230509.

  2. https://www.solarmonitor.org/?date=20230619.

  3. http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/kwsun/.

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Funding

This work is funded by the National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFF0503002 (2022YFF0503000), NSFC under grants 12073081, 12333010. D. Li is supported by Yunnan Key Laboratory of Solar Physics and Space Science under the number YNSPCC202207. This work is also supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDB0560000. ASO-S mission is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDA15320000.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, CAS, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Dong Li, Hanyang Dong, Wei Chen, Yang Su, Yu Huang & Zongjun Ning

  2. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Dong Li, Hanyang Dong, Wei Chen, Yang Su, Yu Huang & Zongjun Ning

  3. Yunnan Key Laboratory of the Solar physics and Space Science, Kunming, 650216, P.R. China

    Dong Li

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Z. J. Ning provided the idea, D. Li led this work and wrote the manuscript. H. Y. Dong participated in data analysis, W. Chen, Y. Su and Y. Huang participated the HXI data correction and some discussions. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Li, D., Dong, H., Chen, W. et al. A Statistical Investigation of the Neupert Effect in Solar Flares Observed with ASO-S/HXI. Sol Phys 299, 57 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-024-02299-7

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