Abstract
Bipolaris sorokiniana, which causes spot blotch of wheat and barley, is an emerging problem in warm and humid climates. Spot blotch results in an overall annual loss of 16.9–50% yield in the tropics. Studies on the genetic diversity of B. sorokiniana and other species causing foliar blight have provided valuable information for identifying discrimination, pathogenic variation and migration of the fungal pathogen. Recent studies have revealed interactions between effector molecules from pathogen and their corresponding sensitivity genes in the host, improving resistance in crops. Over the last decade, significant efforts have been made to improve the wheat crop by spot blotch-resistant breeding. Numerous techniques have also been developed for pathogen detection and genotype evaluation. However, under warm temperatures with intermittent rains, a rapid outbreak of spot blotch is a typical phenomenon, and even resistant genotypes do not provide the desired protection. Resistance is partial and cannot provide complete security to crop. The shuttle breeding programme helps accumulate the most desirable alleles against various stresses and fitness to achieve long-lasting resistance. Therefore, an integrated approach, including host resistance, good agronomy and chemical control, is required to minimize losses in all epidemic areas. The present chapter aims to provide an overall account of spot blotch in wheat, emphasizing the causative agent’s pathogenicity, interaction with host, genetic and genomic resources, and finally, their applications in wheat and barley improvement.
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Acknowledgments
SN, YKJ, RMP and VSB are thankful to MACS-Agharkar Research Institute for the support. RC is grateful to the Ministry of Human resource development—Institute of eminence (IOE).
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Navathe, S., Yashavanthakumar, K.J., Pandey, A.K., Patil, R.M., Baviskar, V.S., Chand, R. (2022). Leaf Blight Disease of Wheat and Barley: Past, Present and Future. In: Kashyap, P.L., et al. New Horizons in Wheat and Barley Research . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4134-3_3
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