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Genetic Tools for the Conservation of Bats

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Conservation Genetics in the Neotropics

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Abstract

Genetic tools are essential for uncovering several ecological aspects of biodiversity, particularly for groups as taxonomically and ecologically diverse as bats. Bats provide vital ecosystem services, including habitat restoration, seed dispersal, pollination, and the regulation of arthropod populations. In this chapter, we conducted an overview of studies that included genetic data of bats to answer a variety of questions with focus on the megadiverse Neotropics. We summarized patterns found in the studies discussing their contributions for bat conservation. Globally five families of bats (Vespertilionidae, Phyllostomidae, Rhinolophidae, Pteropodidae, and Molossidae) were the focus of 95% of the studies. The most prevalent use of genetic data was for systematics including phylogeny, taxonomic revisions and high-level classification. Climate fluctuations and the formation of geographical barriers during the late Pleistocene appears to have significant impacts on the distribution of bats in the Americas, including the Caribbean region, with evidence for diversification since the Miocene. Although bats appear more mobile than other animal groups, ecomorphological constraints affect heterogeneously different species, and natural barriers and human-driven landscape alterations impact their genetic diversity to varying degrees. Genetic tools have contributed to bat management and conservation previous to the year of 2000, and more recent technological advances, such as DNA metabarcoding and genome sequencing have shown enormous potential for answering further questions.

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Acknowledgments

This research is part of the PhD thesis of C. F. Gonçalves at Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais PPGERN/UFSCar, and we thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior CAPES for the grant received (Financial Code 001, 2020/88887.498109). CFG, APC and PMGJ thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, 2017/23548-2). PMGJ thanks Conselho de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, 303524/2019-7) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, 2017/23548-2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Camila F. Gonçalves

  2. Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Camila F. Gonçalves & Pedro M. Galetti Jr.

  3. Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Belém, PA, Brazil

    Carolina da Silva Carvalho & Valéria da Cunha Tavares

  4. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Ludmilla M S Aguiar

  5. Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil

    Ana Paula Carmignotto

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  3. Valéria da Cunha Tavares
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  1. Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil

    Pedro M. Galetti Jr.

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Gonçalves, C.F., Carvalho, C.d.S., da Cunha Tavares, V., Aguiar, L.M.S., Carmignotto, A.P., Galetti, P.M. (2023). Genetic Tools for the Conservation of Bats. In: Galetti Jr., P.M. (eds) Conservation Genetics in the Neotropics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34854-9_3

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