Abstract
The conventional agricultural farming system has adversely affected the natural ecosystem with the heavy use of fertilizers, pesticides and contaminated water irrigation. Although the conventional agricultural system plays a significant role in the feeding of world population, it has also damaged our pristine ecosystem, simultaneously. In order to solve this problem, nanotechnology has gained a lot of popularity in last few decades. This could be because of the fact that the traditional farming techniques are neither able to substantially enhance the crop production nor are sustainable in the long term. The intervention of nanotechnology in the agricultural system has not only improved the crop yield but also restored and improved the quality of this ecosystem. Moreover, nanotechnology-based products like nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanoweedicides and nanosensors have improved the crop yield and income of the farmers. They have helped in boosting seed germination, photosynthesis and nutrient levels in soils. Additionally, they have aided in identifying pest attack and disease prevalence. Simultaneously, they have remediated polluted lands and filtered polluted waters. Further, these products have enabled plants to face climate changing scenarios.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abdel-Aziz HMM, Hasaneen MNA, Omer AM (2016) Nano chitosan-NPK fertilizer enhances the growth and productivity of wheat plants grown in sandy soil. Spanish J Agric Res 14:e0902. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016141-8205
Acosta C, Barat JM, Martínez-Máñez R et al (2018) Toxicological assessment of mesoporous silica particles in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ Res 166:61–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.018
Afsharinejad A, Davy A, Jennings B, Brennan C (2016) Performance analysis of plant monitoring nanosensor networks at THz frequencies. IEEE Internet Things J 3:59–69. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2015.2463685
Ahmed F, Arshi N, Kumar S et al (2013) Nanobiotechnology: Scope and potential for crop improvement. Crop Improv Under Advers Cond 245–269
Al-Askar AA, Hafez EE, Kabeil SA, Meghad A (2013) Bioproduction of silver-nano particles by Fusarium oxysporum and their antimicrobial activity against some plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Life Sci J 10:2470–2475
Alejandro PDL, Rubiales D (2009) Nanotechnology for parasitic plant control. Pest Manag Sci 65:540–545. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1732
Alfadul SM, Altahir OS, Khan M (2017) Application of nanotechnology in the field of food production. Acad J Sci Res 5:143–154
Amthor JS (2001) Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield: review of results from experiments using various approaches to control CO2 concentration. F Crop Res 73:1–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(01)00179-4
Amundson R, Berhe AA, Hopmans JW et al (2015) Soil and human security in the 21st century. Science (80) 348:1261071. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1261071
Anastas P, Eghbali N (2010) Green chemistry: Principles and practice. Chem Soc Rev 39:301–312. https://doi.org/10.1039/b918763b
Anwar MR, O’Leary G, McNeil D et al (2007) Climate change impact on rainfed wheat in south-eastern Australia. F Crop Res 104:139–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2007.03.020
Aouada FA, De Moura MR (2015) Nanotechnology applied in agriculture: Controlled release of agrochemicals. In: Nanotechnologies in food and agriculture, pp 103–118
Ardakani AS (2013) Toxicity of silver, titanium and silicon nanoparticles on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and growth parameters of tomato. Nematology 15:671–677. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002710
Aruoja V, Dubourguier HC, Kasemets K, Kahru A (2009) Toxicity of nanoparticles of CuO, ZnO and TiO2 to microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Sci Total Environ 407:1461–1468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.10.053
Atha DH, Wang H, Petersen EJ et al (2012) Copper oxide nanoparticle mediated DNA damage in terrestrial plant models. Environ Sci Technol 46:1819–1827. https://doi.org/10.1021/es202660k
Aziz N, Faraz M, Pandey R et al (2015) Facile Algae-derived route to biogenic silver nanoparticles: synthesis, antibacterial, and photocatalytic properties. Langmuir 31:11605–11612. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03081
Baker S, Volova T, Prudnikova SV et al (2017) Nanoagroparticles emerging trends and future prospect in modern agriculture system. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 53:10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2017.04.012
Banerjee J, Kole C (2016) Plant nanotechnology: an overview on concepts, strategies, and tools. Plant Nanotechnol Princ Pract 1–14
Barik TK, Sahu B, Swain V (2008) Nanosilica—from medicine to pest control. Parasitol Res 103:253–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-0975-7
Barker AV, Pilbeam DJ (2015) Handbook of plant nutrition, 2nd edn. CRC Press
Batsmanova LM, Gonchar LM, Taran NY, Okanenko AA (2013) Using a colloidal solution of metal nanoparticles as micronutrient fertiliser for cereals. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference—nanomaterials: applications and properties, pp 2–3
Berahmand AA, Panahi AG, Sahabi H et al (2012) Effects silver nanoparticles and magnetic field on growth of fodder maize (Zea mays L.). Biol Trace Elem Res 149:419–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-012-9434-5
Bhattacharyya A, Bhaumik A, Rani PU et al (2010) Nano-particles—a recent approach to insect pest control. Afr J Biotechnol 9:3489–3493. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2010.000-3206
Bhattacharyya A, Duraisamy P, Govindarajan M, et al (2016) Nano-biofungicides: emerging trend in insect pest control. Adv Appl Through Fungal Nanobiotechnol 307–319
Bheemidi VS (2011) novel applications of nanotechnology in life sciences. J Bioanal Biomed 03: https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593x.s11-001
Bora T, Dutta J (2014) Applications of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment—a review. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 14:613–626. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.8898
Bruce DM, Hobson RN, Farrent JW, Hepworth DG (2005) High-performance composites from low-cost plant primary cell walls. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 36:1486–1493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.03.008
Brunel F, El Gueddari NE, Moerschbacher BM (2013) Complexation of copper(II) with chitosan nanogels: toward control of microbial growth. Carbohydr Polym 92:1348–1356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.10.025
Cavalcanti A, Wood WW, Kretly LC, Shirinzadeh B (2003) Computational nanorobotics: agricultural and environmental perspectives. Nanomedicine 2:82–87
Chakravarthy A (2012) DNA-tagged nano gold: a new tool for the control of the armyworm, Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Afr J Biotechnol 11. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb11.883
Changmei L, Chaoying Z, Junqiang W et al (2002) Research of the effect of nanometer materials on germination and growth enhancement of glycine max and its mechanism. Soybean Sci 21:168–171
Chen H, Yada RY (2011) International conference on food and agriculture applications of nanotechnologies. NanoAgri 2010, São Pedro, SP, Brazil, June 20 to 25, 2010. Trends Food Sci Technol 22:583–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2011.10.007
Chen YW, Lee HV, Juan JC, Phang SM (2016) Production of new cellulose nanomaterial from red algae marine biomass Gelidium elegans. Carbohydr Polym 151:1210–1219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.083
Cohen-Tanugi D, Grossman JC (2012) Water desalination across nanoporous graphene. Nano Lett 12:3602–3608. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3012853
Collins J (2006) Taking RFID to new depths. RFID J
Conway GR, Barbie EB (1988) After the Green Revolution. Sustainable and equitable agricultural development. Futures 20:651–670. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-3287(88)90006-7
Corradini E, de Moura MR, Mattoso LHC (2010) A preliminary study of the incorparation of NPK fertilizer into chitosan nanoparticles. Express Polym Lett 4:509–515. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2010.64
Cropper M, Griffiths C (1994) The interaction of population growth and environmental quality. Am Econ Rev 84:250–254. https://doi.org/10.2307/2117838
Czarnobai De Jorge B, Bisotto-de-Oliveira R, Pereira CN, Sant’Ana J (2017) Novel nanoscale pheromone dispenser for more accurate evaluation of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) attract-and-kill strategies in the laboratory. Pest Manag Sci 73:1921–1926. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4558
Das CK, Srivastava G, Dubey A et al (2016) Nano-iron pyrite seed dressing: a sustainable intervention to reduce fertilizer consumption in vegetable (beetroot, carrot), spice (fenugreek), fodder (alfalfa), and oilseed (mustard, sesamum) crops. Nanotechnol Environ Eng 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41204-016-0002-7
Dasgupta N, Ranjan S, Mundekkad D et al (2015) Nanotechnology in agro-food: from field to plate. Food Res Int 69:381–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2015.01.005
Davarpanah S, Tehranifar A, Davarynejad G et al (2016) Effects of foliar applications of zinc and boron nano-fertilizers on pomegranate (Punica granatum cv. Ardestani) fruit yield and quality. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam) 210:57–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.07.003
De La Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, Deng Y et al (2013) Multiwalled carbon nanotubes and C60 fullerenes differentially impact the accumulation of weathered pesticides in four agricultural plants. Environ Sci Technol 47:12539–12547. https://doi.org/10.1021/es4034809
Debnath N, Das S, Seth D et al (2011) Entomotoxic effect of silica nanoparticles against Sitophilus oryzae (L.). J Pest Sci (2004) 84:99–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-010-0332-3
Derosa MC, Monreal C, Schnitzer M et al (2010) Nanotechnology in fertilizers. Nat Nanotechnol 5:91. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2010.2
Ding WK, Shah NP (2009) Effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. J Food Sci 74:M100–M107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01067.x
Ditta A (2012) How helpful is nanotechnology in agriculture? Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol 3:33002. https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/3/3/033002
Dufresne A, Dupeyre D, Vignon MR (2000) Cellulose microfibrils from potato tuber cells: processing and characterization of starch-cellulose microfibril composites. J Appl Polym Sci 76:2080–2092. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(20000628)76:14%3c2080::AID-APP12%3e3.0.CO;2-U
Dwivedi S, Saquib Q, Al-Khedhairy AA, Musarrat J (2016) Understanding the role of nanomaterials in agriculture. In: Microbial inoculants in sustainable agricultural productivity. Functional Applications, vol 2, pp 271–288
Eichert T, Goldbach HE (2008) Equivalent pore radii of hydrophilic foliar uptake routes in stomatous and astomatous leaf surfaces—further evidence for a stomatal pathway. Physiol Plant 132:491–502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.01023.x
El Beyrouthya M (2014) Nanotechnologies: novel solutions for sustainable agriculture. Adv Crop Sci Technol 02: https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000e118
Elfeky SA, Mohammed MA, Khater MS, Osman YAH (2013) Effect of magnetite nano-fertilizer on growth and yield of Ocimum basilicum L. Int J Indig Med Plants 64:1286–1293
Elmer WH, White JC (2016) The use of metallic oxide nanoparticles to enhance growth of tomatoes and eggplants in disease infested soil or soilless medium. Environ Sci Nano 3:1072–1079. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6en00146g
Espinosa E, Tarrés Q, Delgado-Aguilar M et al (2016) Suitability of wheat straw semichemical pulp for the fabrication of lignocellulosic nanofibres and their application to papermaking slurries. Cellulose 23:837–852. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-015-0807-8
Evans JR (2013) Improving photosynthesis. Plant Physiol 162:1780–1793. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.219006
Ganeshkumar R, Sopiha KV, Wu P et al (2016) Ferroelectric KNbO3 nanofibers: Synthesis, characterization and their application as a humidity nanosensor. Nanotechnology 27:395607. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/39/395607
Gao F, Hong F, Liu C et al (2006) Mechanism of nano-anatase TiO2 on promoting photosynthetic carbon reaction of spinach: inducing complex of Rubisco-Rubisco activase. Biol Trace Elem Res 111:239–253. https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:111:1:239
Gao F, Liu C, Qu C et al (2008) Was improvement of spinach growth by nano-TiO2 treatment related to the changes of Rubisco activase? Biometals 21:211–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-007-9110-y
Gao J, Wang Y, Folta KM et al (2011) Polyhydroxy fullerenes (fullerols or fullerenols): Beneficial effects on growth and lifespan in diverse biological models. PLoS ONE 6:e19976. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019976
Ghormade V, Deshpande MV, Paknikar KM (2011) Perspectives for nano-biotechnology enabled protection and nutrition of plants. Biotechnol Adv 29:792–803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.06.007
Giannousi K, Avramidis I, Dendrinou-Samara C (2013) Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of copper based nanoparticles as agrochemicals against Phytophthora infestans. RSC Adv 3:21743–21752. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra42118j
Gillman GP (2006) A simple technology for arsenic removal from drinking water using hydrotalcite. Sci Total Environ 366:926–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.036
Giongo AMM, Vendramim JD, Forim MR (2016) Evaluation of neem-based nanoformulations as alternative to control fall armyworm. Cienc E Agrotecnologia 40:26–36. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542016000100002
Giraldo JP, Landry MP, Faltermeier SM et al (2014) Plant nanobionics approach to augment photosynthesis and biochemical sensing. Nat Mater 13:400–408. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3890
Gleick PH (1993) Water and Conflict: Fresh Water Resources and International Security. Int Secur 18:79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2539033
Gogos A, Knauer K, Bucheli TD (2012) Nanomaterials in plant protection and fertilization: Current state, foreseen applications, and research priorities. J Agric Food Chem 60:9781–9792. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf302154y
González-Fernández R, Prats E, Jorrín-Novo JV (2010) Proteomics of plant pathogenic fungi. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010:1–36. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/932527
Gottschalk F, Lassen C, Kjoelholt J et al (2015) Modeling flows and concentrations of nine engineered nanomaterials in the Danish environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12:5581–5602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120505581
Gubbins EJ, Batty LC, Lead JR (2011) Phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to Lemna minor L. Environ Pollut 159:1551–1559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.03.002
Habibi Y, Vignon MR (2008) Optimization of cellouronic acid synthesis by TEMPO-mediated oxidation of cellulose III from sugar beet pulp. Cellulose 15:177–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-9179-z
Haghighi M, Afifipour Z, Mozafarian M (2012) The alleviation effect of silicon on seed germination and seedling growth of tomato under salinity stress. Veg Crop Res Bull 76:119–126. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10032-012-0008-z
He X, Deng H, Hwang H, min, (2019) The current application of nanotechnology in food and agriculture. J Food Drug Anal 27:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.002
Hibberd JM, Whitbread R, Farrar JF (1996) Effect of elevated concentrations of CO2 on infection of barley by Erysiphe graminis. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 48:37–53. https://doi.org/10.1006/pmpp.1996.0004
Hong F, Yang F, Liu C et al (2005) Influences of nano-TiO2 on the chloroplast aging of spinach under light. Biol Trace Elem Res 104:249–260. https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:104:3:249
Hong F, Zhou J, Liu C et al (2005) Effect of Nano-TiO2 on photochemical reaction of chloroplasts of spinach. Biol Trace Elem Res 105:269–279. https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:105:1-3:269
Hou R, Zhang Z, Pang S et al (2016) Alteration of the nonsystemic behavior of the pesticide ferbam on tea leaves by engineered gold nanoparticles. Environ Sci Technol 50:6216–6223. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01336
Iavicoli I, Leso V, Ricciardi W et al (2014) Opportunities and challenges of nanotechnology in the green economy. Environ Heal A Glob Access Sci Source 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-13-78
Imada K, Sakai S, Kajihara H et al (2016) Magnesium oxide nanoparticles induce systemic resistance in tomato against bacterial wilt disease. Plant Pathol 65:551–560. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12443
Iravani S (2011) Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants. Green Chem 13:2638–2650. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1gc15386b
Jaberzadeh A, Moaveni P, Tohidi Moghadam HR, Zahedi H (2013) Influence of bulk and nanoparticles titanium foliar application on some agronomic traits, seed gluten and starch contents of wheat subjected to water deficit stress. Not Bot Horti Agrobot Cluj-Napoca 41:201–207. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha4119093
Jo YK, Kim BH, Jung G (2009) Antifungal activity of silver ions and nanoparticles on phytopathogenic fungi. Plant Dis 93:1037–1043. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-10-1037
Joshi A, Kaur S, Dharamvir K et al (2018) Multi-walled carbon nanotubes applied through seed-priming influence early germination, root hair, growth and yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J Sci Food Agric 98:3148–3160. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8818
Kah M, Hofmann T (2014) Nanopesticide research: current trends and future priorities. Environ Int 63:224–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.11.015
Kah M, Beulke S, Tiede K, Hofmann T (2013) Nanopesticides: state of knowledge, environmental fate, and exposure modeling. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 43:1823–1867. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2012.671750
Kale AP, Gawade SN (2016) Studies on nanoparticle induced nutrient use eficiency of fertilizer and crop productivity. Green Chem Technol Lett 2:88. https://doi.org/10.18510/gctl.2016.226
Karn B, Kuiken T, Otto M (2009) Nanotechnology and in situ remediation: a review of the benefits and potential risks. Environ Health Perspect 117:1823–1831. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900793
Khiari R (2017) Valorization of agricultural residues for cellulose nanofibrils production and their use in nanocomposite manufacturing. Int J Polym Sci 2017:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6361245
Khodakovskaya M, Dervishi E, Mahmood M, et al (2012a) Erratum: Carbon nanotubes are able to penetrate plant seed coat and dramatically affect seed germination and plant growth (ACS Nano (2009) 3:3221–3227. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn900887m). ACS Nano 6:7541. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn302965w
Khodakovskaya MV, De Silva K, Biris AS et al (2012) Carbon nanotubes induce growth enhancement of tobacco cells. ACS Nano 6:2128–2135. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn204643g
Kim SW, Jung JH, Lamsal K et al (2012) Antifungal effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against various plant pathogenic fungi. Mycobiology 40:53–58. https://doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2012.40.1.053
Kitching M, Ramani M, Marsili E (2015) Fungal biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles: mechanism and scale up. Microb Biotechnol 8:904–917. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.12151
Kole C, Kole P, Randunu KM et al (2013) Nanobiotechnology can boost crop production and quality: First evidence from increased plant biomass, fruit yield and phytomedicine content in bitter melon (Momordica charantia). BMC Biotechnol 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6750-13-37
Kumar S, Ahlawat W, Bhanjana G et al (2014) Nanotechnology-based water treatment strategies. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 14:1838–1858. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.9050
Kumar S, Bhanjana G, Sharma A et al (2017) Development of nanoformulation approaches for the control of weeds. Sci Total Environ 586:1272–1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.138
Lahiani MH, Dervishi E, Chen J et al (2013) Impact of carbon nanotube exposure to seeds of valuable crops. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5:7965–7973. https://doi.org/10.1021/am402052x
Lateef A, Nazir R, Jamil N et al (2016) Synthesis and characterization of zeolite based nano-composite: An environment friendly slow release fertilizer. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 232:174–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2016.06.020
Le VT, Bach LG, Pham TT et al (2019) Synthesis and antifungal activity of chitosan-silver nanocomposite synergize fungicide against Phytophthora capsici. J Macromol Sci Part A Pure Appl Chem 56:522–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/10601325.2019.1586439
Lei Z, Mingyu S, Chao L et al (2007) Effects of nanoanatase TiO2 on photosynthesis of spinach chloroplasts under different light illumination. Biol Trace Elem Res 119:68–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0047-3
Lélé SM (1991) Sustainable development: a critical review. World Dev 19:607–621
Li ZZ, Chen JF, Liu F et al (2007) Study of UV-shielding properties of novel porous hollow silica nanoparticle carriers for avermectin. Pest Manag Sci 63:241–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1301
Lindblade KA, Walker ED, Onapa AW et al (1999) Highland malaria in Uganda: prospective analysis of an epidemic associated with El Niño. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-9203(99)90344-9
Linglan M, Chao L, Chunxiang Q et al (2008) Rubisco activase mRNA expression in spinach: modulation by nanoanatase treatment. Biol Trace Elem Res 122:168–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-8069-4
Liu R, Lal R (2014) Synthetic apatite nanoparticles as a phosphorus fertilizer for soybean (Glycine max). Sci Rep 4. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05686
Liu R, Lal R (2015) Potentials of engineered nanoparticles as fertilizers for increasing agronomic productions. Sci Total Environ 514:131–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.104
Liu F, Wen LX, Li ZZ et al (2006) Porous hollow silica nanoparticles as controlled delivery system for water-soluble pesticide. Mater Res Bull 41:2268–2275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2006.04.014
Liu R, Kang Y, Pei L et al (2016) Use of a new controlled-loss-fertilizer to reduce nitrogen losses during winter wheat cultivation in the Danjiangkou reservoir area of China. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 47:1137–1147. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2016.1166245
Liu X, Liao J, Song H et al (2019) A biochar-based route for environmentally friendly controlled release of nitrogen: urea-loaded biochar and bentonite composite. Sci Rep 9:9548. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46065-3
Madusanka N, Sandaruwan C, Kottegoda N et al (2017) Urea–hydroxyapatite-montmorillonite nanohybrid composites as slow release nitrogen compositions. Appl Clay Sci 150:303–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2017.09.039
Malandrakis AA, Kavroulakis N, Chrysikopoulos CV (2019) Use of copper, silver and zinc nanoparticles against foliar and soil-borne plant pathogens. Sci Total Environ 670:292–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.210
Manjaiah KM, Mukhopadhyay R, Paul R et al (2018) Clay minerals and zeolites for environmentally sustainable agriculture. Modif Clay Zeolite Nanocompos Mater Environ Pharm Appl 309–329
Marchiol L (2018) Nanotechnology in agriculture: new opportunities and perspectives. New Visions Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74425
Mariano M, El Kissi N, Dufresne A (2014) Cellulose nanocrystals and related nanocomposites: Review of some properties and challenges. J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 52:791–806. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.23490
McLamore ES, Diggs A, Calvo Marzal P et al (2010) Non-invasive quantification of endogenous root auxin transport using an integrated flux microsensor technique. Plant J 63:1004–1016. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04300.x
Medina J, Monreal C, Barea JM et al (2015) Crop residue stabilization and application to agricultural and degraded soils: a review. Waste Manag 42:41–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.002
Millán G, Agosto F, Vázquez M et al (2008) Use of clinoptilolite as a carrier for nitrogen fertilizers in soils of the Pampean regions of Argentina. Cienc E Investig Agrar 35:245–254. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-16202008000300007
Mokerov VG, Fedorov YV, Velikovski LE, Scherbakova MY (2001) New quantum dot transistor. Nanotechnology 12:552–555. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/12/4/336
Mukhopadhyay SS (2005) Weathering of soil minerals and distribution of elements: pedochemical aspects. Clay Res 24:183–199
Muramatsu H, Kim YA, Yang KS et al (2014) Rice husk-derived graphene with nano-sized domains and clean edges. Small 10:2766–2770. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201400017
Naderi MR, Abedi A (2012) Application of nanotechnology in agriculture and refinement of environmental pollutants. J Nanotechnol 11:18–26
Naderi M, Danesh-Shahraki A (2011) The application of nanotechnology in the formulation optimization of chemical fertilizers. J Nano 106:20–22
Najafi Disfani M, Mikhak A, Kassaee MZ, Maghari A (2017) Effects of nano Fe/SiO2 fertilizers on germination and growth of barley and maize. Arch Agron Soil Sci 63:817–826. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2016.1239016
Namasivayam SKR, Aruna A, Gokila, (2014) Evaluation of silver nanoparticles-chitosan encapsulated synthetic herbicide paraquate (AgNp-CS-PQ) preparation for the controlled release and improved herbicidal activity against Eichhornia crassipes. Res J Biotechnol 9:19–27
Navrotsky A (2000) Nanomaterials in the environment, agriculture, and technology (NEAT). J Nanoparticle Res 2:321–323. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010007023813
Nin-Pratt A (2016) Agricultural intensification and fertilizer use. International Food Policy Research Institute
Nuruzzaman M, Rahman MM, Liu Y, Naidu R (2016) Nanoencapsulation, nano-guard for pesticides: a new window for safe application. J Agric Food Chem 64:1447–1483. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05214
O’Hern SC, Jang D, Bose S et al (2015) Nanofiltration across defect-sealed nanoporous monolayer graphene. Nano Lett 15:3254–3260. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00456
Ohlsson I (1996) Site-specific management for agricultural systems. F Crop Res 48:91–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(96)82398-7
Onaga G, Wydra K (2016) Advances in plant tolerance to biotic stresses. Plant Genomics
Österholm P, Åström M (2004) Quantification of current and future leaching of sulfur and metals from Boreal acid sulfate soils, western Finland. Aust J Soil Res 42:547–551. https://doi.org/10.1071/sr03088
Pal S, Tak YK, Song JM (2007) Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:1712–1720. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02218-06
Pandey G (2018) Challenges and future prospects of agri-nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture in India. Environ Technol Innov 11:299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.06.012
Panpatte DG, Jhala YG, Shelat HN, Vyas RV (2016) Nanoparticles: the next generation technology for sustainable agriculture. In: Microbial inoculants in sustainable agricultural productivity. Functional Applications 289–300
Parisi C, Vigani M, Rodríguez-Cerezo E (2015) Agricultural nanotechnologies: what are the current possibilities? Nano Today 10:124–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2014.09.009
Park TJ, Lee KG, Lee SY (2016) Advances in microbial biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100:521–534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6904-7
Patil CD, Borase HP, Suryawanshi RK, Patil SV (2016) Trypsin inactivation by latex fabricated gold nanoparticles: a new strategy towards insect control. Enzyme Microb Technol 92:18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.06.005
Perlatti B, de Souza Bergo PL, Fernandes da Silva MF das G et al (2013) Polymeric Nanoparticle-Based Insecticides: A Controlled Release Purpose for Agrochemicals. Insectic Dev Safer More Eff Technol
Petosa AR, Rajput F, Selvam O et al (2017) Assessing the transport potential of polymeric nanocapsules developed for crop protection. Water Res 111:10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.12.030
Philip D (2011) Mangifera Indica leaf-assisted biosynthesis of well-dispersed silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta Part a Mol Biomol Spectrosc 78:327–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.10.015
Pokropivny V, Hussainova I, Vlassov S (2007) Introduction to nanomaterials. Tartu University, Tartu 3330
Postel SL, Daily GC, Ehrlich PR (1996) Human appropriation of renewable fresh water. Science (80) 271:785–788. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.271.5250.785
Pramanik S, Pramanik G (2016) Nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture in India. In: Ranjan S et al (eds) Nanoscience in food and agriculture. Sustainable agriculture reviews, vol 3, pp 243–280
Prasad R (2014) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in photosynthetic plants. J Nanoparticles 2014:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/963961
Prasad R, Swamy VS (2013) Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by bark extract of Syzygium cumini. J Nanoparticles 2013:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/431218
Prasad TNVKV, Sudhakar P, Sreenivasulu Y et al (2012) Effect of nanoscale zinc oxide particles on the germination, growth and yield of peanut. J Plant Nutr 35:905–927. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2012.663443
Prasad R, Bhattacharyya A, Nguyen QD (2017) Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: recent developments, challenges, and perspectives. Front Microbiol 8:1014. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01014
Presley DR, Ransom MD, Kluitenberg GJ, Finnell PR (2004) Effects of thirty years of irrigation on the genesis and morphology of two semiarid soils in Kansas. Soil Sci Soc Am J 68:1916–1926. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.1916
Pretty J (2008) Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci 363:447–465. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2163
Qi M, Liu Y, Li T (2013) Nano-TiO2 improve the photosynthesis of tomato leaves under mild heat stress. Biol Trace Elem Res 156:323–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9833-2
Qu X, Brame J, Li Q, Alvarez PJJ (2013) Nanotechnology for a safe and sustainable water supply: Enabling integrated water treatment and reuse. Acc Chem Res 46:834–843. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar300029v
Quintanar-Guerrero D, Allémann E, Fessi H, Doelker E (1998) Preparation techniques and mechanisms of formation of biodegradable nanoparticles from preformed polymers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 24:1113–1128. https://doi.org/10.3109/03639049809108571
Rai M, Ingle A (2012) Role of nanotechnology in agriculture with special reference to management of insect pests. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 94:287–293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-3969-4
Rai V, Acharya S, Dey N (2012) Implications of nanobiosensors in agriculture. J Biomater Nanobiotechnol 03:315–324. https://doi.org/10.4236/jbnb.2012.322039
Ram P, Vivek K, Kumar SP (2014) Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: present concerns and future aspects. Afr J Biotechnol 13:705–713. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbx2013.13554
Rico CM, Majumdar S, Duarte-Gardea M et al (2011) Interaction of nanoparticles with edible plants and their possible implications in the food chain. J Agric Food Chem 59:3485–3498. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf104517j
Rodell M, Velicogna I, Famiglietti JS (2009) Satellite-based estimates of groundwater depletion in India. Nature 460:999–1002. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08238
Sabbour MM (2012) Entomotoxicity assay of two Nanoparticle Materials 1—(Al2O3 and TiO2) against Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory and store conditions in Egypt. J Nov Appl Sci 103–108
Sabir A, Yazar K, Sabir F et al (2014) Vine growth, yield, berry quality attributes and leaf nutrient content of grapevines as influenced by seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum) and nanosize fertilizer pulverizations. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam) 175:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.05.021
Saharan V, Sharma G, Yadav M et al (2015) Synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficacy of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles against pathogenic fungi of tomato. Int J Biol Macromol 75:346–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.027
Sankar S, Sharma SK, Kaur N et al (2016) Biogenerated silica nanoparticles synthesized from sticky, red, and brown rice husk ashes by a chemical method. Ceram Int 42:4875–4885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.11.172
Sasson Y, Levy-Ruso G, Toledano O, Ishaaya I (2007) Nanosuspensions: emerging novel agrochemical formulations. In: Ishaaya I, Nauen R, Horowitz AR (eds) Insecticides design using advanced technologies. Springer, Berlin, pp 1–39
Satapanajaru T, Anurakpongsatorn P, Pengthamkeerati P, Boparai H (2008) Remediation of atrazine-contaminated soil and water by nano zerovalent iron. Water Air Soil Pollut 192:349–359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9661-8
Scrinis G, Lyons K (2007) The emerging nano-corporate paradigm: nanotechnology and the transformation of nature, food and agri-food systems. Int J Sociol Food Agric 15:22–44
Servin A, Elmer W, Mukherjee A et al (2015) A review of the use of engineered nanomaterials to suppress plant disease and enhance crop yield. J Nanoparticle Res 17:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-2907-7
Shalaby TA, Bayoumi Y, Abdalla N et al (2016) Nanoparticles, soils, plants and sustainable agriculture. In: Shivendu R, Nandita D, Eric L (eds) Nanoscience in food and agriculture, vol 1, pp 283–312
Shang Y, Kamrul Hasan M, Ahammed GJ et al (2019) Applications of nanotechnology in plant growth and crop protection: A review. Molecules 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24142558
Sharifi-Rad J, Sharifi-Rad M, Teixeira da Silva JA (2016) Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of crops (Zea mays L., Phaseolus vulgaris L.), medicinal plants (Hyssopus officinalis L., Nigella sativa L.), and weeds (Amaranthus retroflexus L., Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg) exposed to SiO2 nanoparticles. J Agric Sci Technol 18:1027–1040
Sharma VK, Yngard RA, Lin Y (2009) Silver nanoparticles: Green synthesis and their antimicrobial activities. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 145:83–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2008.09.002
Sharma K, Sharma R, Shit S, Gupta S (2012) Nanotechnological application on diagnosis of a plant disease. In: International conference on advances in biological and medical sciences, pp 149–150
Sharma H, Dhirta B, Shirkot P (2017) Evaluation of biogenic iron nano formulations to control Meloidogyne incognita in okra. Int J Chem Stud 5:1278–1284
Shen Y (2017) Rice husk silica derived nanomaterials for sustainable applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 80:453–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.115
Shenashen M, Derbalah A, Hamza A et al (2017) Antifungal activity of fabricated mesoporous alumina nanoparticles against root rot disease of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporium. Pest Manag Sci 73:1121–1126. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4420
Sheykhbaglou R, Sedghi M, Shishevan MT, Sharifi RS (2010) Effects of nano-iron oxide particles on agronomic traits of soybean. Not Sci Biol 2:112–113. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb224667
Shojaei TR, Salleh MAM, Tabatabaei M, et al (2018) Applications of nanotechnology and carbon nanoparticles in agriculture. Synth Technol Appl Carbon Nanomater 247–277
Shrivastava S, Dash D (2009) Agrifood nanotechnology: a tiny revolution in food and agriculture. J Nano Res 6:1–14. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/JNanoR.6.1
Siddiqui MH, Al-Whaibi MH (2014) Role of nano-SiO2 in germination of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum seeds Mill.). Saudi J Biol Sci 21:13–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.04.005
Singh R, Singh R, Singh D et al (2010) Effect of weather parameters on karnal bunt disease in wheat in karnal region of Haryana. J Agrometeorol 12:99–101
Singh S, Singh BK, Yadav SM, Gupta AK (2015a) Applications of nanotechnology in agricultural and their role in disease management. Res J Nanosci Nanotechnol 5:1–5. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjnn.2015.1.5
Singh A, Singh NB, Hussain I et al (2015b) Plant-nanoparticle interaction : an approach to improve agricultural practices and plant productivity. Int J Pharm Sci Invent 4:25–40
Singh P, Singh R, Borthakur A et al (2016) Effect of nanoscale TiO2—activated carbon composite on Solanum lycopersicum (L.) and Vigna radiata (L.) seeds germination. Energy Ecol Environ 1:131–140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40974-016-0009-8
Singh Sekhon B (2014) Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:31–53. https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S39406
Somanathan T, Prasad K, Ostrikov KK et al (2015) Graphene oxide synthesis from agro waste. Nanomaterials 5:826–834. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano5020826
Sousa GFM, Gomes DG, Campos EVR et al (2018) Post-emergence herbicidal activity of nanoatrazine against susceptible weeds. Front Environ Sci 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00012
Srivastava G, Das CK, Das A et al (2014) Seed treatment with iron pyrite (FeS2) nanoparticles increases the production of spinach. RSC Adv 4:58495–58504. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra06861k
Stadler T, Buteler M, Weaver DK (2010) Novel use of nanostructured alumina as an insecticide. Pest Manag Sci 66:577–579. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1915
Stamp P, Visser R (2012) The twenty-first century, the century of plant breeding. Euphytica 186:585–591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-012-0743-8
Subramanian KS, Manikandan A, Thirunavukkarasu M, Rahale CS (2015) Nano-fertilizers for balanced crop nutrition. Nanotechnol Food Agric 69–80
Sun CQ (2007) Size dependence of nanostructures: Impact of bond order deficiency. Prog Solid State Chem 35:1–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2006.03.001
Suresh AK, Pelletier DA, Doktycz MJ (2013) Relating nanomaterial properties and microbial toxicity. Nanoscale 5:463–474. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2nr32447d
Szargut J, Zibik A, Stanek W (2002) Depletion of the non-renewable natural exergy resources as a measure of the ecological cost. Energy Convers Manag 43:1149–1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(02)00005-5
Tan X, Liu Y, Gu Y et al (2016) Biochar-based nano-composites for the decontamination of wastewater: a review. Bioresour Technol 212:318–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.093
Tapan A, Biswas AK, Kundu S (2010) Nano-fertiliser-a new dimension in agriculture. Indian J Fertil 6:22–24
Tarafdar JC, Raliya R, Mahawar H, Rathore I (2014) Development of zinc nanofertilizer to enhance crop production in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum). Agric Res 3:257–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-014-0113-y
Torabian S, Zahedi M, Khoshgoftar AH (2017) Effects of foliar spray of nano-particles of FeSO4 on the growth and ion content of sunflower under saline condition. J Plant Nutr 40:615–623. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2016.1240187
Torney F (2009) Nanoparticle mediated plant transformation. In: Emerging technologies in plant science research. Interdepartmental plant physiology major fall seminar series, p 696
Torney F, Trewyn BG, Lin VSY, Wang K (2007) Mesoporous silica nanoparticles deliver DNA and chemicals into plants. Nat Nanotechnol 2:295–300. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2007.108
Tripathi DK, Singh S, Singh VP et al (2017) Silicon nanoparticles more effectively alleviated UV-B stress than silicon in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem 110:70–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.026
Tripathi M, Kumar S, Kumar A (2018) Agro-nanotechnology: a future technology for sustainable agriculture. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 196–200
Ul Haq I, Ijaz S (2019) Use of metallic nanoparticles and nanoformulations as nanofungicides for sustainable disease management in plants. In: Prasad R, Kumar V, Kumar M, Choudhary D (eds) Nanobiotechnology in bioformulations. Springer, Cham, pp 289–316
Ulrichs C, Mewis I, Goswami A (2006) Crop diversification aiming nutritional security in West Bengal—biotechnology of stinging capsules in nature’s water-blooms. . Ann Tech Issue State Agri Technol Serv Assoc Govt West Bengal India 10:1–18
Van Bavel J (2013) The world population explosion: causes, backgrounds and -projections for the future. Facts, Views Vis ObGyn 5:281–291
Dijk van M, Meijerink G (2014) A review of food security scenario studies: gaps and ways forward. In: Achterbosch TJ, Dorp M, van Driel WF, van Groot JJ, Lee J, van der Verhagen A, Bezlepkina I (eds) The food puzzle: pathways to securing food for all, pp 30–32
Vanathi P, Rajiv P, Sivaraj R (2016) Synthesis and characterization of Eichhornia-mediated copper oxide nanoparticles and assessing their antifungal activity against plant pathogens. Bull Mater Sci 39:1165–1170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-016-1276-x
Vanti GL, Nargund VB, Basavesha KN et al (2019) Synthesis of Gossypium hirsutum-derived silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial efficacy against plant pathogens. Appl Organomet Chem 33:e4630. https://doi.org/10.1002/aoc.4630
Vermeulen SJ, Aggarwal PK, Ainslie A et al (2012) Options for support to agriculture and food security under climate change. Environ Sci Policy 15:136–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.09.003
Vidhyalakshmi R, Bhakyaraj R, Subhasree RS (2009) Encapsulation “the future of probiotics”—a review. Adv Biol Res (Rennes) 3:96–103
Wang L, Li X, Zhang G et al (2007) Oil-in-water nanoemulsions for pesticide formulations. J Colloid Interface Sci 314:230–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.079
Wang H, Wick RL, Xing B (2009) Toxicity of nanoparticulate and bulk ZnO, Al2O3 and TiO2 to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ Pollut 157:1171–1177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.004
Wang S, Wang F, Gao S (2015) Foliar application with nano-silicon alleviates Cd toxicity in rice seedlings. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:2837–2845. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3525-0
Wang S, Gao B, Zimmerman AR et al (2015) Removal of arsenic by magnetic biochar prepared from pinewood and natural hematite. Bioresour Technol 175:391–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.104
Wang S, Wang F, Gao S, Wang X (2016) Heavy metal accumulation in different rice cultivars as influenced by foliar application of nano-silicon. Water Air Soil Pollut 227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-016-2928-6
Wang P, Tang L, Wei X et al (2017) Synthesis and application of iron and zinc doped biochar for removal of p-nitrophenol in wastewater and assessment of the influence of co-existed Pb(II). Appl Surf Sci 392:391–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.09.052
Wani KA, Kothari R (2018) Agricultural nanotechnology: applications and challenges. Ann Plant Sci 7:2146. https://doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.3.9
Wanyika H, Gatebe E, Kioni P et al (2012) Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carrier for urea: potential applications in agrochemical delivery systems. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 12:2221–2228. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2012.5801
Xu C, Peng C, Sun L et al (2015) Distinctive effects of TiO2 and CuO nanoparticles on soil microbes and their community structures in flooded paddy soil. Soil Biol Biochem 86:24–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.011
Yamanaka M, Hara K, Kudo J (2005) Bactericidal actions of a silver ion solution on Escherichia coli, studied by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy and proteomic analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:7589–7593. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.11.7589-7593.2005
Yang FL, Li XG, Zhu F, Lei CL (2009) Structural characterization of nanoparticles loaded with garlic essential oil and their insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J Agric Food Chem 57:10156–10162. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9023118
Yavuz CT, Mayo JT, Yu WW et al (2006) Low-field magnetic separation of monodisperse Fe3O4 nanocrystals. Science (80) 314:964–967. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131475
Zheng L, Hong F, Lu S, Liu C (2005) Effect of nano-TiO2 on strength of naturally aged seeds and growth of spinach. Biol Trace Elem Res 104:83–91. https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:104:1:083
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kumar, A., Nagar, S., Anand, S. (2021). Nanotechnology for Sustainable Crop Production: Recent Development and Strategies. In: Singh, P., Singh, R., Verma, P., Bhadouria, R., Kumar, A., Kaushik, M. (eds) Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66956-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66956-0_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-66955-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-66956-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)