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Use of Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells as a Model System for the Study of X-Chromosome Inactivation In Vitro

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Genetic Mosaics and Chimeras in Mammals

Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 12))

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Abstract

One of the main obstacles to the study of the mechanism of X-chromosome differentiation or “X inactivation” is the difficulty of obtaining a population of embryonic cells in which both X chromosomes are functioning. The primary reason for this is that male embryos cannot be easily distinguished from female embryos, and therefore half of any random population of embryos will be males that contain only one X chromosome. Furthermore, since it is now apparent that X inactivation probably does not occur in all the cells of the embryo at the same time, there would be the additional difficulty of identifying and separating those cells in which both X chromosomes are active, even if a pure population of female embryos could be obtained. Since teratocarcinoma stem cells are closely similar to normal early embryonic cells and they are available in almost unlimited quantities, the goal of the research described here was to determine whether it might be possible to use clonal cultures of female teratocarcinoma stem cells, in place of embryonic cells, to study the phenomenon of X-chromosome inactivation. The results of this study have been described previously (Martin, Epstein, Travis, Tucker, Yatziv, Martin, Clift, and Cohen 1978).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., 94143, USA

    Gail R. Martin

  2. Departments of Pediatrics and of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., 94143, USA

    Charles J. Epstein

  3. Departments of Medicine and of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., 94143, USA

    David W. Martin Jr.

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  1. Gail R. Martin
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  2. Charles J. Epstein
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  3. David W. Martin Jr.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

    Liane B. Russell

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© 1978 Plenum Press, New York

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Martin, G.R., Epstein, C.J., Martin, D.W. (1978). Use of Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells as a Model System for the Study of X-Chromosome Inactivation In Vitro . In: Russell, L.B. (eds) Genetic Mosaics and Chimeras in Mammals. Basic Life Sciences, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3390-6_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3390-6_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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