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Suppressing Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, with Extracts of Brassicacea Plants

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Abstract

The golden potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis (Woll) is responsible for large yield losses in potato crops in northern Portugal. Fumigation with synthetic chemicals controls this soil pest with possible negative impact on the environment. Thus, it is desirable to find environmentally friendly alternative measures to control this nematode species. Amending plant parts of Brassicaceae have been recognized as potential biofumigation practices. Active volatiles compounds released after enzymatic hydrolysis are responsible for the efficacy of biofumigants. The glucosinolate-myrosinase-isothiocyanates system appears to be controlling several soilborne pests and pathogens. The biological role of Brassicacea green manure amendments on potato cyst nematodes populations has not been reported in Portugal. In this study we evaluated the effects of two concentrations (0.2 and 0.05 µmoles 100 g−1 dry weight) of total glucosinolates of six plants extracts (broccoli, cauliflower, collards of Brassica rapa, collards of kale, Portuguese cabbage and watercress) on potato cyst nematodes population. The results were expressed as number of new cysts formed on bioassay Desiree potato roots. ANOVA analysis showed a highly significant effect (P < 0.001) of the plant extracts and concentrations tested on the suppression of potato cysts nematodes. The LSD test showed that the number of newly formed cyst on root system of bioassay plant was also related (P<0.05) to type and concentrations of glucosinolates extracts. The lowest numbers of cysts were recovered from potato roots that received extracts of watercress, cauliflower and B. Rapa, respectively. The cyst reduction appeared to be associated with high levels of 2-Phenthyl and 2-propenyl glucosinolates in these plants.

Resumen

El nematodo dorado del quiste de la papa, Globodera rostochiensis (Woll) es responsable de graves pérdidas de rendimiento en cultivos de papa en el norte de Portugal. La fumigación con químicos sintéticos controla esta plaga del suelo con posible impacto negativo en el medio ambiente. Por lo tanto es deseable encontrar alternativas que sean amigables con el medio ambiente para controlar este nematodo. Enmiendas del suelo a partir de partes de plantas de crucíferas han sido reconocidas como practicas potenciales de bio fumigación. Compuestos volátiles activos liberados después de la hidrólisis enzimática son los responsables de la eficacia de biofumigantes. El sistema glucosinolato-mirosinasa-isotiocianato parece ser el control de varias plagas plagas y patógenos del suelo. El rol biológico de las enmiendas del suelo de abono verde de Brassicacea en las poblaciones de nematodos del quiste de la papa no ha sido reportado en Portugal. En este estudio evaluamos los efectos de 2 concentraciones (0.2 y 0.05 umoles 100g−1 peso seco) de glucosinolatos totales de seis extractos de plantas (brócoli, coliflor, hojas de nabo, hojas de kale, col Portuguesa y berro) en la población del quiste del nematodo de la papa. Los resultados se expresaron como número de quistes nuevos formados en los ensayos biológicos en raíces de papa Desiree. El análisis ANOVA mostró un efecto altamente significativo (P<0.001) de los extractos de plantas y concentraciones probadas en la eliminación del nematodo del quiste de la papa. La prueba LSD mostró que el numero de quistes recién formados en los ensayos biológicos en raíz, también estaba relacionado (P<0.05) con el tipo y concentración de extractos de glucosinolatos. El número más bajo de quistes fue obtenido de las raíces de papa que recibieron extracto de berro, coliflor y nabo respectivamente. La reducción de quistes parece estar asociada con altos niveles de glucosinolatos 2-Phentyl y 2-propenil, en estas plantas.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CITAB-Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Integrative Biology and Quality Group, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal

    Alfredo Aires & Eduardo Rosa

  2. Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal

    Rosa Carvalho & Maria Da Conceição Barbosa

Authors
  1. Alfredo Aires
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  2. Rosa Carvalho
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  3. Maria Da Conceição Barbosa
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  4. Eduardo Rosa
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Correspondence to Alfredo Aires.

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Aires, A., Carvalho, R., Da Conceição Barbosa, M. et al. Suppressing Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, with Extracts of Brassicacea Plants. Am. J. Pot Res 86, 327–333 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-009-9086-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-009-9086-y

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