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In Vitro Evaluation of Bacteriocins Activity Against Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation

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Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the activity of cell-free supernatant (CFS) containing bacteriocins on the formation and maintenance of biofilms developed by Listeria monocytogenes, and the associated effect of bacteriocins and ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) on the formed biofilm. CFS from 9 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains was tested for inhibitory activity against 85 L. monocytogenes isolates and 21 LAB strains. Then, 12 L. monocytogenes strains were selected based on genetic profiles and sensitivity to CFS and were subjected to an in vitro assay to assess biofilm formation in microtiter plates, considering different culture media and incubation conditions. Based on these results, 6 L. monocytogenes strains were subjected to the same in vitro procedure to assess biofilm formation, being co-inoculated with CFS. In addition, these strains were subjected to the same in vitro procedure, modified by adding the CFS after biofilm formation. Relevant decrease in biofilm formation was observed in the first experiment, but CFS added after biofilm formation did not eliminate them. CFS from Lactobacillus curvatus ET31 were selected due to its anti-biofilm activity, being associated to EDTA at different concentrations and tested for biofilm control of three strains of L. monocytogenes, using the same in vitro procedure described previously. Concentrated bacteriocin presented poor performance in eliminating formed biofilms, and EDTA concentration presented no evident interference on biofilm elimination. Twelve selected L. monocytogenes strains were positive for investigated virulence makers and negative for luxS gene, recognized as being involved in biofilm formation. Selected L. monocytogenes strains were able to produce biofilms under different conditions. CFSs have the potential to prevent biofilm formation, but they were not able to destroy already formed biofilms. Nevertheless, low concentrations of CFS combined with EDTA caused a relevant reduction in already formed biofilms, but this association was not able to eliminate them. The activity of selected CFS was demonstrated against L. monocytogenes-formed biofilms, being more effective when associated to EDTA at different concentrations.

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Acknowledgments

The authors want to express their gratitude to Prof. Elisabetta Tome from Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela for providing bacteriocinogenic strains used in this study. Authors were supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG).

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  1. Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus UFV, 36570 900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

    Anderson Carlos Camargo, Otávio Almeida Lino de Paula, Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov & Luís Augusto Nero

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  1. Anderson Carlos Camargo
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  2. Otávio Almeida Lino de Paula
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  3. Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov
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Correspondence to Luís Augusto Nero.

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Camargo, A.C., de Paula, O.A.L., Todorov, S.D. et al. In Vitro Evaluation of Bacteriocins Activity Against Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 178, 1239–1251 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1941-3

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