Abstract
Background
Naringenin, a flavonoid compound, has a wide variety of uses in the pharmaceutical industry for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
Objectives
The current experiment aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of naringenin in triple-negative human breast cancer cells (MDA-MR-231) and an animal model with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in female rats to determine the mechanisms and molecular targets.
Methods
The cytotoxic effects of naringenin against MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle alterations were analyzed via flow cytometry. Morphological and biochemical changes in DMBA-induced cancer with naringenin treatment were assayed using our protocol. The potential mechanisms of action were verified via qRT-PCR.
Results
Naringenin was found to inhibit cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. This effect was associated with cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, along with apoptosis and deposition at the sub-G1 phase (75%). Treatment with naringenin reduced tumor incidence (45.55, 40, and 27.67%) and tumor burden (78.7, 35.4, and 1.2 g) in a dose-dependent manner. Naringenin treatment altered the biochemical and antioxidant parameters related to inflammation necessary for anticancer activity. The qRT-PCR studies further confirmed the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic effects of naringenin.
Conclusion
On the basis of these results, we can conclude that naringenin exerts an anticancer effect in the MDA-MB-231 cell line that arrests cell development at the G0/G1 phase, and in vivo it alters the mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway responsible for apoptosis.
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Zhao, Z., Jin, G., Ge, Y. et al. Naringenin inhibits migration of breast cancer cells via inflammatory and apoptosis cell signaling pathways. Inflammopharmacol 27, 1021–1036 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-018-00556-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-018-00556-3