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Maritimibacter alexandrii sp. nov., a New Member of Rhodobacteraceae Isolated from Marine Phycosphere

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Abstract

Marine phycosphere hosts cross-kingdom algae-bacteria interactions playing a variety of crucial roles in aquatic ecosystems especially for the prevention and control of harmful algal blooms (HABs). During the investigation of structural composition of phycosphere microbiota (PM) of diverse marine HAB dinoflagellates, a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium designated LZ-17T was isolated from the phycosphere of highly toxic Alexandrium catenella LZT09. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on five protein-coding housekeeping genes (atpD, gyrB, mutL, topA and rpoD) indicated that strain LZ-17T was affiliated to the genus Maritimibacter within the family Rhodobacteraceae, and closely related to Maritimibacter alkaliphilus HTCC2654T (99.1%), ‘Maritimibacter harenae’ DP07T (97.9%) and M. lacisalsi X12M-4T (95.7%). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain LZ-17T and the type strain of M. alkaliphilus were 96.9% and 74.7%. However, strain LZ-17T could be clearly distinguished from its closest by the phenotypical and phenotypical characteristics. Strain LZ-17T contained Q-10 as its major isoprenoid quinone, and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c), C16:0 and C16:0 2-OH as the predominant fatty acids (>10%). The major polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G + C content was 64.3 mol%. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic characterization, strain LZ-17T represents a novel species of the genus Maritimibacter, for which the name Maritimibacter alexandrii sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain LZ-17T (=CCTCC 2019005T = KCTC 72193T).

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Abbreviations

ABI:

Algae-bacteria interactions

ANI:

Average nucleotide identity

APL:

Aminophospholipids

dDDH:

Digital DNA-DNA hybridization

DPG:

Diphosphatidylglycerol

GL:

Glycolipid

HAB:

Harmful algal blooms

MA:

Marine agar 2216

MB:

Marine broth 2216

ML:

Maximum likelihood

MLSA:

Multilocus sequence analysis

MP:

Maximum parsimony

NJ:

Neighbor joining

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PG:

Phosphatidylglycerol

PL:

Phospholipids

PM:

Phycosphere microbiota

PMP:

Phycosphere microbiome project

PSP:

Paralytic shellfish poisoning

UBCG:

Up-to-date bacterial core gene

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Funding

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Zhejiang Provincial Universities and Research Institutes (Grant No. 2021J020), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41876114), and the Scientific Research Startup Foundation of Zhejiang Ocean University (Grant No. 11104150319/001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Chemistry, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China

    Xing Wang, Yu-Han Duan, Peng-Fei Xie, Qiao Yang & Xiao-Ling Zhang

  2. Zhoushan Natural Resources Surveying and Mapping Design Center, Zhoushan, China

    Yun Ye

  3. Zhejiang Yimeiyuan Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Zhoushan, China

    Fei-Fei Xu

  4. ABI Group, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China

    Qiao Yang & Xiao-Ling Zhang

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  1. Xing Wang
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Contributions

QY and XZ conceived the project and designed the experiments, XW, YY, FX and YD performed the experiments, XW, YY, FX and PX analyzed the data, XW, YD, QY and XZ drafted and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Qiao Yang or Xiao-Ling Zhang.

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The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequence and draft genome sequence of strain LZ-17T are MK093986 and SWKQ00000000, respectively.

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Wang, X., Ye, Y., Xu, FF. et al. Maritimibacter alexandrii sp. nov., a New Member of Rhodobacteraceae Isolated from Marine Phycosphere. Curr Microbiol 78, 3996–4003 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-021-02645-z

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