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Metabolic Fluxes in Cancer Metabolism

  • Chapter
Tumor Cell Metabolism

Abstract

Since Otto Warburg’s work almost a century ago, we have known that cancer cells undergo a metabolic transformation that makes them convert the majority of their glucose carbon into lactate. In the past decade it has become clear that this metabolic signature of cancer cells is controlled by the activation of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressors, linking cancer metabolism to well-known signaling pathways. Although most of the research on metabolism in cancer cells has been focused on the regulation of metabolic enzymes, there is a growing body of work studying altered metabolic fluxes in malignant cells providing accurate information on biochemical pathways. From these discoveries arise new opportunities for drug discovery and for disease diagnostics in the context of patient stratification.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In this review the expression metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is consistently used for metabolic analyses using isotopically labeled metabolites as tracers, equivalent to stable isotope resolved metabolomics (SIRM). MFA in this context does not refer to computational algorithms commonly used to decipher metabolic fluxes and does not imply that flux time-dependent data is employed.

  2. 2.

    Anaplerotic, from Greek ἀνά, “up,” and πληρόω, “to fill,” i.e., for the TCA cycle a mechanism that fills the cycle with nutrients.

  3. 3.

    It should be noted that PDK1 is unfortunately also used as an abbreviation for phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the EU for supporting GC, TV, and KK as students in a Marie Curie ITN (METAFLUX, FP7-PEOPLE-2010-ITN-264780). We also thank Brian Schaffhausen for critical proof reading.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

    Ulrich L. Günther, Mei G. Chong, Tatiana Volpari, Katarzyna M. Koczula & Karen Atkins

  2. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

    Christopher M. Bunce & Farhat L. Khanim

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  1. Ulrich L. Günther
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Correspondence to Ulrich L. Günther .

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  1. Inst. of Veterinary Physiology and Bioch, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Gießen, Hessen, Germany

    Sybille Mazurek

  2. Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Maria Shoshan

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Günther, U.L. et al. (2015). Metabolic Fluxes in Cancer Metabolism. In: Mazurek, S., Shoshan, M. (eds) Tumor Cell Metabolism. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1824-5_14

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