Abstract
The past two decades have been marked by a growing understanding of the co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways that are critical to the generation of an effective, well-regulated immune response. Capitalizing on an increasingly nuanced appreciation for the role that these molecules play in anti-tumor immune responses, a diversity of novel therapies to treat human cancers are being explored. The ground-breaking success of anti-CTLA-4 therapy in the treatment of advanced melanoma has set the stage for the clinical development of agents targeting a diversity of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules. Herein, we review the co-signaling molecules that regulate T cell activation with a focus on their potential role(s) in anti-tumor immune responses. Where available, pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating the anti-tumor activity of agents targeting these molecules are presented.
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Callahan, M.K., Wolchok, J.D., Allison, J.P., Sharma, P. (2013). Immune Co-signaling to Treat Cancer. In: Curiel, T. (eds) Cancer Immunotherapy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4732-0_8
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