Novel clinical pharmacy practice: extended role and improved competencies

The movement of clinical pharmacy practice has predominantly evolved since the middle's 60s and has given new direction to the contemporary practice of pharmacy in all settings. The recent clinical pharmacy practice goes further than providing pharmaceutical services and/or clinical pharmacy. The skills, activities and services used in the provision of new pharmaceutical care include, but are not limited to, patient assessment, patient education and counselling, patient-specific pharmacist care plans, medicine treatment protocols, dosage adjustment, selection of therapeutic alternatives, prescriptive authority, preventive services and managerial skills. New clinical pharmacy practitioners are health care providers offering ‘product plus services’ combinations involving assessment roles, as well as treatment and wider health care. The pharmacist’s role moved from fee-for-service to value-based payments. Pharmacist provides health care advice and manage chronic medical conditions, as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and anticoagulation as well as nicotine dependence. Pharmacist uses consultation room in their pharmacy to conduct clinics of smoking cessation or provide diabetes education and order diagnostic laboratory tests and interpret tests findings. Pharmacist has a prescriptive authority for specified conditions; minor ailments or conditions; or in emergency circumstances. Pharmacist promotes rational medicine use. They can renew or adapt prescriptions for continuing care