Abstract
As an important branch of fiber-shaped energy storage devices, the fiber-shaped supercapacitor has been widely studied recently. However, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve fast electron transport and excellent ion accessibility in one single fiber electrode of the fibershaped supercapacitor. Herein, a novel family of amphiphilic core-sheath structured carbon nanotube composite fibers has been developed and applied to the fiber-shaped supercapacitor to address the above challenge. The polyaniline-modified hydrophilic sheath of the composite fiber electrode effectively enhanced the electrochemical property via advancing ion accessibility, while Au-deposited hydrophobic core demonstrated improved electrical conductivity by fast electron supply. On the basis of a synergistic effect, a remarkable specific capacitance of 324 F cm−3 at 0.5 A cm−3 and greatly enhanced rate performance were achieved, i.e., a 79% retention (256 F cm−3) at 50 A cm−3. The obtained fiber-shaped supercapacitor finally displayed remarkable energy and power densities of 7.2 mW h cm−3 and 10 W cm−3, respectively. The strategy developed herein also presents a general pathway towards novel fiber electrodes for high-performance wearable devices.
摘要
纤维状超级电容器是柔性储能器件的一个重要分支, 被学术界和产业界广泛关注. 如何制备高性能纤维电极及器件是目前的研究重点之一. 针对这一问题, 我们制备了一类具有双亲性核壳结构的碳纳米管复合纤维电极. 该复合纤维电极的壳层为聚苯胺修饰的亲水碳 纳米管以实现更好的离子可接近性, 从而有效提升电极的电化学性能; 而核层为纳米金沉积疏水碳纳米管以实现快速电子传输, 从而显著 提高电极的电导率. 得益于各组分之间的协同效应, 在0.5 A cm−3的电流密度下, 该复合纤维电极的比容量可以达到324 F cm−3. 同时该纤 维电极也展示了优异的倍率性能, 在50 A cm−3电流密度下, 比容量可以保持为小电流下比容量的79% (即256 F cm−3). 由此得到的纤维状 超级电容器也实现了高能量密度和高功率密度, 分别可达到7.2 mW h cm−3和10 W cm−3. 这种多层次的复合电极设计为制备其他高性能可穿戴器件提供了一种可行的方法.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (2016YFA0203302), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21634003, 51573027, 51673043, 21604012, 21805044 and 21875042), Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (16JC1400702, 17QA1400400, 18QA1400700 and 18QA1400800), SHMEC (2017-01-07-00-07-E00062) and Yanchang Petroleum Group. Part of the sample fabrication was performed at Fudan Nano-Fabrication Laboratory.
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Xuemei Fu received her BE degree in polymer materials and engineering from Nanchang University in 2014. She is currently a PhD candidate majored in macromolecular chemistry and physics under the supervision of Prof. Huisheng Peng at Fudan University. Her research is mainly focused on the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials and their applications in flexible energy conversion and storage devices.
Bingjie Wang received his BE degree in polymer materials and engineering at Sichuan University in 2009, and his PhD in polymer chemistry and physics at Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2014. He is currently an associate professor in the Laboratory of Advanced Materials at Fudan University, China. His research focuses on the smart fibers for energy and electronics.
Huisheng Peng received his BE degree in polymer materials at Donghua University in 1999, his MSc in macromolecular chemistry and physics at Fudan University in 2003, and his PhD in chemical engineering at Tulane University in 2006. He then worked at Los Alamos National Laboratory from 2006 to 2008. He is currently a full professor in the Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials at Fudan University, China. His research focuses on the smart fibers for energy and electronics.
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Fu, X., Li, Z., Xu, L. et al. Amphiphilic core-sheath structured composite fiber for comprehensively performed supercapacitor. Sci. China Mater. 62, 955–964 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-018-9408-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-018-9408-3