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Correlates of Motivational Interviewing Use Among Substance Use Treatment Programs Serving American Indians/Alaska Natives

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Abstract

Motivational interviewing (MI) offers a treatment modality that can help meet the treatment needs of American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) with substance use disorders. This report presents results from a national survey of 192 AI/AN substance abuse treatment programs with regard to their use of MI and factors related to its implementation, including program characteristics, workforce issues, clinician perceptions of MI, and how clinicians learned about MI. Sixty-six percent of programs reported having implemented the use of MI in their programs. In the final logistic regression model, the odds of implementing MI were significantly higher when programs were tribally owned (OR = 2.946; CI95 1.014, 8.564), where more than 50% of staff were Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselors (CADCs) (OR = 5.469; CI95 1.330, 22.487), and in programs in which the survey respondent perceived that MI fit well with their staff’s expertise and training (OR = 3.321; CI95 1.287, 8.569).

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Notes

  1. 638 contract or compacts are centers offered directly by tribes or tribal organizations with federal funding made available under the Indian Self-Determination Act. Thus, they are self-governing outpatient health care programs and facilities for AI/AN people.

  2. Accrediting organizations included CARF, JC/JCAHO, State Organization/Single State Authority, and AAAHC.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse R01-DA022239, Novins, Principal Investigator; NIDA R01 DA022239-04S Rieckmann, Site Principal Investigator and Co-Investigator: NIDA K23DA021225-03, Rieckmann Principal Investigator; and R25 DA035692, Moghaddam, Principal Investigator. The Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health’s Substance Abuse Treatment Advisory Board provided support for this work and invaluable advice throughout its execution. The board’s members are Gregory Aarons (University of California, San Diego) Annie Belcourt-Dittloff (University of Montana), Gordon Belcourt (Montana-Wyoming Tribal Leaders Counsel, deceased), Sarah Conti, Dennis Dahlke, Raymond Daw (Navajo Nation Behavioral Health), Daniel Dickerson (University of California Los Angeles), Darren Dry (Jack Brown Center), Candace Fleming (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Alexandra Fickenscher (Emerita, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), John Gastorf (Cherokee Nation Behavioral Health), Craig Love (Westat), Kathleen Masis (Montana-Wyoming Tribal Leaders Council), Traci Rieckmann (Oregon Health and Sciences University), and Paul Spicer (University of Oklahoma).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Daniel Dickerson DO, MPH

  2. Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    Laurie A. Moore MPH, Calvin D. Croy PhD & Douglas K. Novins MD

  3. Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA

    Traci Rieckmann PhD

  4. Department of Psychology and Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addiction, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA

    Kamilla Venner PhD

  5. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Gambling Studies Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jacquelene Moghaddam PhD

  6. Clinical Psychology Program, California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Rebekah Gueco MA

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  1. Daniel Dickerson DO, MPH
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  2. Laurie A. Moore MPH
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel Dickerson DO, MPH.

Ethics declarations

The University of Colorado Institutional Review Board (IRB) and the Oregon Health and Sciences University IRB approved these study procedures. The Indian Health Service IRB classified the study as not being human subject research, so no approval was required.

Conflict of Interest

Dr. Venner has conflicts of interest that are managed by the University of New Mexico Conflict of Interest committee. Dr. Venner provides consultation for Motivational Interviewing trainings.

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Dickerson, D., Moore, L.A., Rieckmann, T. et al. Correlates of Motivational Interviewing Use Among Substance Use Treatment Programs Serving American Indians/Alaska Natives. J Behav Health Serv Res 45, 31–45 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-016-9549-0

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