Abstract
By the early 1970s, therefore, there was largely the free movement of workers and their family members between EEC countries, there were no longer visa requirements but there were still border controls. With the numerous recruitment agreements, cross-border labour migration between the Mediterranean coastal states and the industrial countries in Western, Central and Northern Europe had increased significantly. The consequences hereof are still often referred to as “guest worker” migration. The EEC countries, with the exception of Italy, were the main destinations for labour migration occurring under these recruitment agreements.
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Notes
- 1.
It is noteworthy that such a reflexive view of the “discovery” of globalization has so far been hardly found. For many years there has been intense debate about the beginning of globalization, its form and scope but rarely about the question of why the concept was embraced so quickly in the 1980s and early 1990s and what consequences that reception had for the various contexts in which the notion was deployed. In this context, the current efforts to historicize globalization – which also stimulate debate about the history of the concept and critical reflection on its application – are to be welcomed. See in particular: Eckel (2020) and Wirsching (2020).
- 2.
Very instructive, based on the case of Switzerland, with perspectives that can be transferred to other European societies is: Espahangizi (2021).
- 3.
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32006R0562&from=DE (04.09.2020); see also, the wording of the corresponding provisions of the Treaty of Maastricht 1992 in Title VI:, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/?uri=CELEX:11992M/TXT (18.09.2020).
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Oltmer, J. (2022). The Conclusion of the Schengen Agreement and Its Implementation. In: The Borders of the EU. essentials(). Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39200-0_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39200-0_3
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