Synonyms
Definition
Sensory rhodopsin II belongs to the microbial rhodopsins, which constitute a family of seven-helix membrane proteins with the chromophore retinal. Members of this family are distributed throughout the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota. These photoactive proteins use a common structural design for two distinct functions: light-driven ion transport and phototaxis. The sensors start a signal transduction chain similar to that of the two-component system of eubacterial chemotaxis. The connecting membrane protein between the photoreceptor and the following cytoplasmic signal cascade is formed by a transducer molecule that binds tightly and specifically to its cognate receptor by means of two transmembrane helices (TM1 and TM2) (Gordeliy et al. 2002).
Basic Characteristics
The discovery of purple membrane from Halobacterium salinarum and its constituent bacteriorhodopsin (bR) more than 40 years ago (Oesterhel and Stoeckenius 1971) caused an intense interest...
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References
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Büldt, G., Gordeliy, V., Klare, J.P., Engelhard, M. (2013). Sensory Rhodopsin II: Signal Development and Transduction. In: Roberts, G.C.K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Biophysics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16712-6_803
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16712-6_803
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