Abstract
The article describes the geological conditions of the formation of cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts on the Govorov guyot in the Magellan Seamount system of the Pacific Ocean. It is established that the crusts are deposited on dense organogenic-clastic limestones, breccias, and volcanoclastic rocks. Crusts are three-or four-layer formations. The main ore minerals of all layers of crusts are Fe-vernadite, vernadite and Mn-feroxyhyte. It has been found that the Fe content increases and Mn content decreases from layer I-1 to layer III. For the ore cations of metals—Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+—no regularity in their distribution has been established: in some crusts, their content decreases from layer I-1 to layer III, while in others, it increases. The most stable content of heavy metal cations in the guyot crusts is Zn2+, Mo6+, Sr2+, Cd2+, Ba2+, and Pb2+. The distribution of rare-earth metal cations in the layers of different crusts is not the same and does not coincide with the distribution of Fe(III). And only for Ce3+ is its distribution is close to that of another ore—forming element of crusts—Mn(IV). It was found that the increased and maximum (1.08 g/t) Pt content is observed in layer II, the minimum in layer III of crusts.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
S. I. Andreev, “All to the bottom!” or the race for the leader,” Redkie Zemli, No. 1, 27–39 (2016).
Yu. A. Bogdanov, A. I. Gorshkov, E. G. Gurvich, O. Yu. Bogdanova, et al., “Ferromanganese crusts and nodules of guyots of the Northwestern Pacific,” Geokhimiya, No. 5, 518–531 (1998).
A. V. Dubinin, “Rare earth riches of the ocean,” Redkie Zemli, No. 1, 50–57 (2016).
Ferromanganese Crusts and Nodules of Submerged Mountains of the Pacific Ocean, Ed. by A. P. Lisitsyn (Nedra, Moscow, 1990) [in Russian].
Cobalt-Enriched Ores of the World Ocean (All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean, St. Petersburg, 2002) [in Russian].
M. E. Mel’nikov, Deposits of Cobalt-Bearing Manganese Crusts (Yuzhmorgeologiya, Gelendzhik, 2005) [in Russian].
M. E. Mel’nikov and S. P. Pletnev, “Distribution of cerium in accumulations of ferromanganese crusts of various ranks on the Magellan Mountains (Pacific Ocean),” Geol. Polezn. Iskop. Mirovogo Okeana, No. 1, 23–36 (2009).
M. E. Mel’nikov and S. P. Pletnev, “Age and formation conditions of the Co-rich manganese crust on guyots of the Magellan seamounts,” Lithol. Miner. Res. 48, 1–13 (2013).
M. E. Mel’nikov and T. E. Sedysheva, “Rare earth elements in ferromanganese crusts of the Magellan Mountains (Pacific Ocean),” in Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conf. with International Participation “Noble, Rare, and Radioactive Elements in Orogenic Systems,” Novosibirsk, October 28‒30, 2014 (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 2014), pp. 442–449. http://shakhov.igm.nsc.ru/pdf.
M. E. Mel’nikov, S. P. Pletnev, I. A. Basov, et al., “New geological and paleontological data on Fedorova Guyot (Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean),” Tikhookean. Geol. 25, 3–13 (2006).
M. E. Mel’nikov, S. P. Pletnev, I. A. Basov, et al., “New geological and paleontological data on Alba Guyot (Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean),” Russ. J. Pac. Geol. 1, 257–264 (2007).
M. E. Mel’nikov, S. P. Pletnev, I. A. Basov, and T. E. Sedysheva, “New data on the morphology and geological structure of the Gramberg Guyot (Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean),” Russ. J. Pac. Geol. 3, 401–410 (2009).
M. E. Mel’nikov, S. P. Pletnev, T. E. Sedysheva, et al., “New data on the structure of the sedimentary section on the Ita Mai Tai Guyot (Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean),” Russ. J. Pac. Geol. 6, 217–229 (2012).
M. E. Mel’nikov, S. P. Pletnev, T. E. Sedysheva, et al., “New data on the geological structure of the Butakova Guyot (Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean),” Vestn. Kamchat. Reg. Assots. Uch.-Nauchn. Tsentra, Nauki Zemle 1 (19), 78–97 (2012).
G. V. Novikov, Evaluation of Sorption Properties of Ferromanganese Deposits in the World Ocean (Granitsa, Moscow, 2005) [in Russian].
G. V. Novikov, L. N. Kulikova, O. Yu. Bogdanova, et al., “Synthesis and properties of layered hydrous manganese dioxide saturated with alkali metal cations,” Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 50, 1847–1855 (2005).
G. V. Novikov, L. N. Kulikova, O. Yu. Bogdanova, and G. I. Sychkova, “Layered hydrous manganese dioxide saturated with alkaline-earth cations: synthesis and sorption properties,” Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 51, 177–188 (2006).
G. V. Novikov, L. N. Kulikova, O. Yu. Bogdanova, et al., “Synthesis and sorption properties of layered hydrous manganese dioxide saturated with s-, p-, and d-metal cations,” Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 54, 180–190 (2009).
G. V. Novikov, M. E. Mel’nikov, O. Yu. Bogdanova, and I. V. Vikent’ev, “Nature of co-bearing ferromanganese crusts of the Magellan Seamounts (Pacific Ocean): Communication 1. Geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry,” Lithol. Miner. Res. 49, 1–22 (2014).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Novikov, G.V., Sedysheva, T.E., Lobus, N.V. et al. Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts of the Govorov Guyot of the Magellan Seamounts of the Pacific Ocean: Conditions of Occurrence, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry. Oceanology 61, 1026–1039 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437021060102
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437021060102