Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation and dynamic analysis of the long runout catastrophic landslide at the Shenzhen landfill on December 20, 2015, in Guangdong, China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

At 11:40 a.m., December 20, 2015, a catastrophic landslide occurred in Shenzhen, Guangdong, Southeast China. Seventy-seven people were killed, and 33 buildings were buried or damaged, which were in the direct path of the landslide at the Guangming New District. The landslide involved 2.73 million m3 of the municipal solid waste (MSW) and had a horizontal runout distance of 1100 m, over a vertical distance of 113 m, which was equivalent to a Fahrböschung of 6°, and covered an area of 0.38 km2. Basic post-failure characteristics are described in this study. Dynamic simulation software (DANW) and rheological models were used to simulate the runout behavior of the displaced landslide material, in order to provide information for the hazard zonation of similar types of potential MSW landslides. The simulated results revealed that a combination of the frictional model and Voellmy model is able to provide the best performance in simulating this landslide. Also, the results showed that this landslide had a duration of about 50 s, with a maximum velocity of 22.4 m/s. It was expected that these models and parameters could improve the accuracy of future hazard assessments of areas with geological, topographical, and climatic features similar to the Shenzhen Hong’ao landfill.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Babu GLS, Reddy KR, Srivastava A et al (2010) Reliability analysis of municipal solid waste landfill slopes. In: Proceedings of 6th international congress on environmental geotechnics

  • Blight GE (2004) A flow failure in a municipal solid waste landfill—the failure at Bulbul, South Africa. In: AW Skempton memorial conference, p 12

  • Blight GE (2008) Slope failures in municipal solid waste dumps and landfills: a review. Waste Manage Res 26(5):448–463

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boultbee N (2005) Characterization of the Zymoetz river rock avalanche. M.Sc. thesis, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby

  • Chen H, Lee CF (2003) A dynamic model for rainfall-induced landslides on natural slopes. Geomorphology 51(4):269–288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen YM, Gao D, Zhu B et al (2008) Seismic stability and permanent displacement of landfill along liners. Sci China Ser E Technol Sci 51(4):407–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crosta GB, Agliardi F (2003) Failure forecast for large rock slides by surface displacement measurements. Can Geotech J 40(1):176–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Denlinger RP, Iverson RM (2004) Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 1. Theory and computation. J Geophys Res Earth Surf 109(F1):1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eid HT, Stark TD, Evans WD et al (2000) Municipal solid waste slope failure. I: waste and foundation soil properties. J Geotechn Geoenviron Eng 126(5):397–407

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • GEO (2011) Guidelines on the assessment of debris mobility for channelised debris flows. GEO technical guidance note No. 29. Geotechnical Engineering Office, Civil Engineering and Development Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

  • GEO (2012) Guidelines on assessment of debris mobility for open hillslope failures. GEO technical guidance note No. 34. Geotechnical Engineering Office, Civil Engineering and Development Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

  • GEO (2013) Guidelines on the assessment of debris mobility for failures within topographic depression catchments. GEO technical guidance note No. 38. Geotechnical Engineering Office, Civil Engineering and Development Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

  • Huang Y, Zhu CQ (2014) Simulation of flow slides in municipal solid waste dumps using a modified MPS method. Nat Hazards 74:491–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang Y, Dai ZL et al (2013) SPH-based numerical simulations of flow slides in municipal solid waste landfills. Waste Manage Res 31(3):256–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hungr O (1995) A model for the runout analysis of rapid flow slides, debris flows, and avalanches. Can Geotech 32(4):610–623

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hungr O, Evans SG (1996) Rock avalanche runout prediction using a dynamic model. In: Proceedings of the 7th international symposium on landslides, vol. 17, Trondheim, p 21

  • Hungr O, McDougall S (2009) Two numerical models for landslide dynamic analysis. Comput Geosci 35(5):978–992

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hungr O, Dawson RF, Kent A et al (2002) Rapid flow slides of coal-mine waste in British Columbia, Canada. Rev Eng Geol 15:191–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hungr O, Corominas J, Eberhardt E (2005) State of the art paper #4, estimating landslide motion mechanism, travel distance and velocity. Landslide risk management. Proceedings, Vancouver conference. Taylor and Francis Group, London, pp 99–128

  • Hutchinson JN (1977) Assessment of the effectiveness of corrective measures in relation to geological conditions and types of slope movement. Bull Int Assoc Eng Geol 16:131–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koerner RM, Soong TY (2000) Stability assessment of ten large landfill failures. Geotech Spec Publ 103:1–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Koerner RM, Koerner GR, Eith AW et al (2008) Geomembrane temperature monitoring at dry and wet landfills. In: Proceedings of the global waste management symposium, Copper Mountain, Colo, vol. 7410

  • Lavigne F, Wassmer P, Gomez C et al (2014) The 21 February 2005, catastrophic waste avalanche at Leuwigajah dumpsite, Bandung, Indonesia. Geoenviron Disasters 1(1):1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDougall S, Hungr O (2004) A model for the analysis of rapid landslide motion across three-dimensional terrain. Can Geotech J 41(6):1084–1097

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDougall S, Hungr O (2005) Dynamic modelling of entrainment in rapid landslides. Can Geotech J 42(5):1437–1448

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nocentini M, Tofani V, Gigli G et al (2015) Modeling debris flows in volcanic terrains for hazard mapping: the case study of Ischia Island (Italy). Landslides 12:831

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poisel R, Preh A, Hungr O (2008) Run out of landslides-continuum mechanics versus discontinuum mechanics models. Geomech Tunn 1(5):358–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy KR, MunwarBasha B (2014) Slope stability of waste dumps and landfills: state-of-the-art and future challenges. In: Proceedings of Indian geotechnical conference IGC-2014 December 18–20, 2014, Kakinada, India, pp 2311–2337

  • Reddy KR, Kosgi S, Motan ES (1996) Interface shear behavior of landfill composite liner systems: a finite element analysis. Geosynth Int 3(2):247–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy KR, Hettiarachchi H, Parakalla NS et al (2009) Geotechnical properties of fresh municipal solid waste at Orchard Hills Landfill, USA. Waste Manag 29(2):952–959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sassa K (1988) Geotechnical model for the motion of landslides. In: Proceedings of 5th international symposium on landslides, BLandslides, Balkema, Rotterdam, vol. 1, pp 37–56

  • Sassa K, Nagai O, Solidum R et al (2010) An integrated model simulating the initiation and motion of earthquake and rain induced rapid landslides and its application to the 2006 Leyte landslide. Landslides 7(3):219–236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sassa K, He B, Miyagi T et al (2012) A hypothesis of the Senoumi submarine megaslide in Suruga Bay in Japan—based on the undrained dynamic-loading ring shear tests and computer simulation. Landslides 9(4):439–455

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Savage SB, Hutter K (1989) The motion of a finite mass of granular material down a rough incline. J Fluid Mech 199:177–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sosio R, Crosta GB, Hungr O (2008) Complete dynamic modeling calibration for the Thurwieser rock avalanche (Italian Central Alps). Eng Geol 100(1–2):11–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing AG, Wang GH, Li B et al (2014) Long-runout mechanism and landsliding behaviour of large catastrophic landslide triggered by heavy rainfall in Guanling, Guizhou, China. Can Geotech J 52(7):971–981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing AG, Xu Q, Gan JJ (2015) On characteristics and dynamic analysis of the Niumian valley rock avalanche triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan, China. Environ Earth Sci 73(7):3387–3401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing AG, Wang GH, Yin YP et al (2016a) Investigation and dynamic analysis of a catastrophic rock avalanche on September 23, 1991, Zhaotong. China. Landslides 13(5):1035–1047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing A, Xu Q, Zhu Y et al (2016b) The August 27, 2014, rock avalanche and related impulse water waves in Fuquan, Guizhou, China. Landslides 13(2):411–422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin YP, Xing A (2012) Aerodynamic modeling of the Yigong gigantic rock slide-debris avalanche, Tibet, China. Bull Eng Geol Environ 71(1):149–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin YP, Wang F, Sun P (2009) Landslide hazards triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan, China. Landslides 6(2):139–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin YP, Cheng Y, Liang J et al (2016a) Heavy-rainfall-induced catastrophic rockslide-debris flow at Sanxicun, Dujiangyan, after the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake. Landslides 13(1):9–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin YP, Li Bin, Wang Wenpei et al (2016b) Mechanism of the December 2015 catastrophic landslide at the Shenzhen landfill and controlling geotechnical risks of urbanization. Engineering 2(2):230–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang M, Yue-ping YIN, Shu-ren W (2010) Development status and prospects of studies on kinematics of long runout rock avalanches. J Eng Geol 18(6):805–817

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YB et al (2015) DDA validation of the mobility of earthquake-induced landslides. Eng Geol 194:38–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou JW, Cui P, Yang XG (2013) Dynamic process analysis for the initiation and movement of the Donghekou landslide-debris flow triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake. J Asian Earth Sci 76:70–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to Professors Wang Sijing, Xing Aiguo, Feng zhen, and Xu yongqiang, as well as Dr. Wang lei, He kai. Thank you for your kind support and guidance. We are grateful to Prof. O. Hungr for supplying a copy of the DANW software.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geo-Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Geo-Sciences, CGS, Beijing, China

    Yang Gao & Bin Li

  2. China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China

    Yang Gao

  3. China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, CGS, Beijing, China

    Yueping Yin, Wenpei Wang & Nan Zhang

  4. Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China

    Chunxu Yang & Xiao Zuo

Authors
  1. Yang Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yueping Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bin Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wenpei Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Nan Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Chunxu Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xiao Zuo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bin Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gao, Y., Yin, Y., Li, B. et al. Investigation and dynamic analysis of the long runout catastrophic landslide at the Shenzhen landfill on December 20, 2015, in Guangdong, China. Environ Earth Sci 76, 13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-6332-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-6332-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation