Skip to main content
Log in

Anonymity interacting with participation on a Q&A site

  • Original Article
  • Published:
AI & SOCIETY Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article presents a study that investigates how anonymity influences user participation in an online question-and-answer platform [Quora (https://www.quora.com/)]. The study is one step in identifying hypotheses that can be used to address a research and design issue concerning the role of anonymity in online participation, particularly in sensitive situations where people are seeking social support. Based on the literature, we present a model that describes the factors that influence participation. These factors were used when analyzing the answers to questions in the health category on Quora. The results of this study were completed by a survey asking Quora users about their use of the anonymity feature. The main result is that the only significant difference between anonymous and non-anonymous answers is that: with anonymous answers, social appreciation correlated with the answer’s length.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. http://www.topic-aal.eu/.

  2. http://goo.gl/qf6hBj.

  3. https://github.com/jekyll/classifier-reborn.

  4. https://github.com/clbustos/statsample.

  5. Also see http://selp.eu/lexique/pronoms-personnels-2.

References

  • Ahn J, Weng C, Butler BS (2013) The dynamics of open, peer-to-peer learning: What factors influence participation in the p2p university? In: 2013 46th Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS), pp 3098–3107

  • Arguello J, Butler BS, Joyce E, Kraut R, Ling KS, Rosé C, Wang X (2006) Talk to me: foundations for successful individual-group interactions in online communities. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, CHI ’06. ACM, New York, pp 959–968

  • Bodle R (2013) The ethics of online anonymity or zuckerberg vs. “moot”. SIGCAS Comput Soc 43(1):22–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bramley N (2001) Pronouns of Politics: The Use of Pronouns in the Construction of ‘self’ and ‘other’ in Political Interviews. Australian National University. https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/46225

  • Burke M, Joyce E, Kim T, Anand V, Kraut R (2007) Introductions and requests: rhetorical strategies that elicit response in online communities. In: C&T '07: Third international conference on communities & technologies 2007, pp 21–40

  • Burke M, Kraut R (2008) Mind your Ps and Qs: the impact of politeness and rudeness in online communities. In: Conference on computer supported cooperative work, pp 281–284

  • Chen VH-H, Duh HB-L, Ng CW (2009) Players who play to make others cry: the influence of anonymity and immersion. In: Proceedings of the international conference on advances in computer entertainment technology, ACE ’09. ACM, New York pp 341–344

  • Chmiel A, Sobkowicz P, Sienkiewicz J, Paltoglou G, Buckley K, Thelwall M, Hołyst JA (2011) Negative emotions boost user activity at BBC forum. Phys A Stat Mech Appl 390(16):2936–2944

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cress U (2005) Why member portraits can undermine participation. In: Proceedings of the 2005 conference on computer support for collaborative learning: learning 2005: the next 10 years!, CSCL ’05. International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp 86–90

  • Edman M, Yener B (2009) On anonymity in an electronic society: a survey of anonymous communication systems. ACM Comput Surv 42(1):5:1–5:35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farzan R, Dabbish LA, Kraut RE, Postmes T (2011) Increasing commitment to online communities by designing for social presence. In: Proceedings of the ACM 2011 conference on computer supported cooperative work, CSCW ’11. ACM, New York, pp 321–330

  • Harper FM, Frankowski D, Drenner S, Ren Y, Kiesler S, Terveen L, Kraut R, Riedl J (2007) Talk amongst yourselves: inviting users to participate in online conversations. In: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on intelligent user interfaces, IUI ’07. ACM, New York, pp 62–71

  • Kang R, Brown S, Kiesler S (2013) Why do people seek anonymity on the internet? Informing policy and design. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, CHI ’13. ACM, New York, pp 2657–2666

  • Kilner PG, Hoadley CM (2005) Anonymity options and professional participation in an online community of practice. In: Proceedings of the 2005 conference on computer support for collaborative learning: learning 2005: the next 10 years!, CSCL ’05. International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp 272–280

  • Kraut RE, Fiore AT (2014) The role of founders in building online groups. In: CSCW, pp 722–732

  • Lapidot-Lefler N, Barak A (2012) Effects of anonymity, invisibility, and lack of eye-contact on toxic online disinhibition. Comput Hum Behav 28(2):434–443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levmore S, Levmore S, Nussbaum M (2010) The offensive internet. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Ling K, Beenen G, Ludford P, Wang X, Chang K, Li X, Cosley D, Frankowski D, Terveen L, Rashid AM, Resnick P, Kraut R (2005) Using social psychology to motivate contributions to online communities. J Comput Mediat Commun 10(4):00–00

  • Nonnecke B, Preece J (2001) Why lurkers lurk. In: AMCIS conference, Boston

  • Omernick E, Sood SO (2013) The impact of anonymity in online communities. In: International conference on social computing, SocialCom 2013, SocialCom/PASSAT/BigData/EconCom/BioMedCom 2013, Washington, DC, 8–14 Sept 2013, pp 526–535

  • Paskuda M, Lewkowicz M (2015) Anonymous Quorans are still Quorans, just anonymous. In: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on communities and technologies, C&T ’15. ACM, New York, pp 9–18

  • Pew Research Center (2014) The Web at 25 in the US. http://www.pewinternet.org/files/2014/02/PIP_25th-anniversary-of-the-Web_0227141.pdf

  • Postmes T, Spears R, Lea M (2002) Intergroup differentiation in computer-mediated communication: effects of depersonalization. Group Dyn Theory Res Pract 6(1):3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preece J, Shneiderman B (2009) The reader-to-leader framework: motivating technology-mediated social participation. AIS Trans Huma Comput Interact 1(1):13–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Preece JJ, Nonnecke B, Andrews D (2004) The top five reasons for lurking: improving community experiences for everyone. Comput Hum Behav 20(2):201–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rains SA (2007) The impact of anonymity on perceptions of source credibility and influence in computer-mediated group communication: A test of two competing hypotheses. Commun Res 34(1):100–125

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ren Y, Kraut R, Kiesler S (2007) Applying common identity and bond theory to design of online communities. Organ Stud 28(3):377–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santana A (2012) Civility, anonymity and the breakdown of a new public sphere. https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/12420

  • Sharma N, Butler BS, Irwin J, Spallek H (2011) Emphasizing social features in information portals: effects on new member engagement. J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol 62(11):2106–2120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shiue Y-C, Chiu C-M, Chang C-C (2010) Exploring and mitigating social loafing in online communities. Comput Hum Behav 26(4):768–777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sproull L, Kiesler S (1986) Reducing social context cues: electronic mail in organizational communication. Manag Sci 32(11):1492–1512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suler J (2004) The online disinhibition effect. Cyberpsychol Behav 7(3):321–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tausczik YR, Dabbish LA, Kraut RE (2014) Building loyalty to online communities through bond and identity-based attachment to sub-groups. In: CSCW, pp 146–157

  • Tixier M, Gaglio G, Lewkowicz M (2009) Translating social support practices into online services for family caregivers. In: Proceedings of the ACM 2009 international conference on supporting group work, GROUP ’09. ACM, New York, pp 71–80

  • Tixier M, Lewkowicz M (2015) Looking for respite and support: technological opportunities for spousal caregivers. In: Proceedings of the 33rd annual ACM conference on human factors in computing systems, CHI ’15. ACM, New York, pp 1155–1158

  • Tsikerdekis M (2013) The effects of perceived anonymity and anonymity states on conformity and groupthink in online communities: a Wikipedia study. J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol 64(5):1001–1015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tu C-H (2002) The relationship between social presence and online privacy. Internet High Educ 5(4):293–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Oostendorp H, van Varik F (2011) Stimulation of activity in online communities. In: Dittmar A, Forbrig P (eds) ECCE. Universitätsdruckerei Rostock, ACM, pp 163–170

  • Wellman B, Gulia M (1999) Net surfers don’t ride alone: virtual communities as communities. In: Smith MA, Kollock P (eds) Communities in cyberspace. Routledge, London, pp 167–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Wild F, Stahl C (2007) Using latent semantic analysis to assess social competence. In: Wild F, Kalz M, van Bruggen J, Koper R (eds) Mini-proceedings of the 1st European workshop on latent semantic analysis in technology-enhanced learning. Open University Netherlands, Heerlen, pp 3–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Wise K, Hamman B, Thorson K (2006) Moderation, response rate, and message interactivity: features of online communities and their effects on intent to participate. J Comput Mediat Commun 12(1):24–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamashita N, Kuzuoka H, Hirata K, Kudo T (2013) Understanding the conflicting demands of family caregivers caring for depressed family members. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, CHI ’13. ACM, New York, pp 2637–2646

  • Zhu H, Kraut R, Kittur A (2012) Effectiveness of shared leadership in online communities. In: Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on computer supported cooperative work, CSCW ’12. ACM, New York, pp 407–416

  • Zhu H, Zhang A, He J, Kraut RE, Kittur A (2013) Effects of peer feedback on contribution: a field experiment in Wikipedia. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, CHI ’13. ACM, New York, pp 2253–2262

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by European Union, ANR, and national solidarity fund for autonomy through AAL program (Project AALI 2012-TOPIC). We thank our colleagues Nadia Gauducheau and Michel Marcoccia for their help in building the model and identifying the markers, and our colleague Valentin Berthou for the help with categorizing the questions. We also thank the reviewer for his improvements.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Malte Paskuda.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Paskuda, M., Lewkowicz, M. Anonymity interacting with participation on a Q&A site. AI & Soc 32, 369–381 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-016-0660-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-016-0660-9

Keywords

Navigation