Purpose: This study investigated the food behavior and nutritional status of children using the nutrition quotient (NQ) for preschoolers. Methods: The subjects for this study were 462 parents of preschooler. The questionnaire was composed of general characteristics, eating behavior, and the NQ questions. The NQ consisted of 14 food behavior checklist items, and all items were grouped into three factors: balance, moderation, and environment. Results: The average NQ score of the subjects was 58.52, which was a medium low grade. The mean scores for balance and environment factors were medium low grade, whereas the mean score for moderation was medium high grade. The NQ scores and three factors between boys and girls were not significantly different, whereas balance and moderation factor scores were significantly different in the age groups. The NQ scores showed a significant differences between mothers' education. Conclusion: According to the results of the evaluation by NQ, the subjects need proper guide and management to control their eating behavior. Parents and teachers who control children's eating need proper nutrition education.