KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Selection of Resistant Varieties to Aspergillus flavus by Determination of Aflatoxin B1 Content in Korean Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Accessions

  • Seungah Han (Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University) ;
  • Byeong-Cheol Kim (Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Jungmin Ha (Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Tae-Hwan Jun (Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2023.07.31
  • Accepted : 2023.08.11
  • Published : 2023.09.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Peanuts, also known as groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), are globally recognized as a vital oilseed crop. Peanuts are rich in proteins (e.g., arginine), oils (e.g., oleic acid and linoleic acid), fiber, vitamins (e.g., niacin and tocopherol), and carbohydrates and are consumed worldwide. However, the presence of aflatoxin (AF) has garnered substantial attention since its initial discovery as the causative agent of Tukey's X disease in the United Kingdom in 1960. Among the 18 aflatoxins identified, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has the highest toxic activity and causes hepatocellular carcinoma. It is classified as Group I by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO). The present study was conducted to evaluate aflatoxin B1 resistance of 102 peanut accessions and select putative aflatoxin B1-resistant peanut accessions to aflatoxin B1. One hundred and one Korean germplasms harvested in 2020 were inoculated with A. flavus to identify aflatoxin-resistant cultivars, and the aflatoxin B1 concentration was measured using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector. Twenty-six accessions with aflatoxin B1 concentrations lower than those of the check plant 55-437 were chosen for the development of aflatoxin-resistant varieties in Korea. As Korean aflatoxin-resistant varieties have not yet been developed, the findings of the present study are expected to provide useful information for the development of aflatoxin-resistant cultivars.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2022R1F1A1075164).

References

  1. Andersen, P. C., K. Hill, D. W. Gorbet, and Brodbeck, B. V. 1998. Fatty acid and amino acid profiles of selected peanut cultivars and breeding lines. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 11(2) : 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.1998.0565
  2. AOAC Official Method 991.31 1994. Aflatoxins in corn,Raw peanuts,and Peanut butter. Immunoaffinity column (aflatest) method. AOAC International.
  3. Blount, W. P. 1961. Turkey "X" disease. J. Br. Turkey Fed. 9 : 52-77.
  4. Bock, H. H. 2008. Origins and extensions of the k-means algorithm in cluster analysis. Electronic Journal for History of Probability and Statistics 4(2) : 1-18.
  5. Commey, L., T. K. Tengey, C. J. Cobos, L. Dampanaboina, K. K. Dhillon, M. K. Pandey, H. K. Sudini, H. Falalou, R. K. Varshney, M. D. Burow, and V. Mendu. 2021. Peanut seed coat acts as a physical and biochemical barrier against Aspergillus flavus infection. Journal of Fungi 7(12) : 1000.  https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7121000
  6. Giray, B., G. Girgin, A. B. Engin, S. Aydin, and G. Sahin. 2007. Aflatoxin levels in wheat samples consumed in some regions of Turkey. Food Control 18(1) : 23-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.08.002
  7. Guan, D., P. Li, Q. Zhang, W. Zhang, D. Zhang, and J. Jiang. 2011. An ultra-sensitive monoclonal antibody-based competitive enzyme immunoassay for aflatoxin M1 in milk and infant milk products. Food Chemistry 125(4) : 1359-1364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.006
  8. Holbrook, C. C., D. M. Wilson, M. E. Matheron, J. E. Hunter, D. A. Knauft, and D. W. Gorbet. 2000. Aspergillus colonization and aflatoxin contamination in peanut genotypes with reduced linoleic acid composition. Plant Disease 84(2) : 148-150. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2000.84.2.148
  9. Horn, B. W. 2003. Ecology and population biology of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil. Journal of Toxicology: Toxin Reviews 22(2-3) : 351-379. https://doi.org/10.1081/TXR-120024098
  10. Jaime-Garcia, R. and P. J. Cotty. 2003. Aflatoxin contamination of commercial cottonseed in south Texas. Phytopathology 93(9) : 1190-1200. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2003.93.9.1190
  11. Kassambara, A. and F. Mundt. 2017. Package 'factoextra'. Extract and visualize the results of multivariate data analyses. 76(2).
  12. Klich, M. A. 2007. Aspergillus flavus: the major producer of aflatoxin. Molecular Plant Pathology 8(6) : 713-722. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00436.x
  13. Kok, W. T. 1994. Derivatization reactions for the determination of aflatoxins by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 659(1-2) : 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4347(94)00152-9
  14. Magan, N., A. Medina, and D. Aldred. 2011. Possible climatechange effects on mycotoxin contamination of food crops preand postharvest. Plant Pathology 60(1) : 150-163. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02412.x
  15. Makles, A. 2012. Stata tip 110: How to get the optimal k-means cluster solution. The Stata Journal 12(2) : 347-351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X1201200213
  16. Mehan, V. K., D. McDonald, and N. Ramakrishna. 1986. Varietal resistance in peanut to aflatoxin production. Peanut Science 13(1) : 7-10. https://doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-13-1-3
  17. Korean Food Code. 2022. Food Code (MFDS Notice No. 2022-16). Ministry of Food and Drug Safety.
  18. Mohamad, I. B. and D. Usman. 2013. Standardization and its effects on K-means clustering algorithm. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 6(17) : 3299-3303. https://doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.6.3638
  19. Nayak, S. N., G. Agarwal, M. K. Pandey, H. K. Sudini, A. S. Jayale, S. Purohit, A. Desai, L. Wan, B. Guo, B. Liao, and R. K. Varshney. 2017. Aspergillus flavus infection triggered immune responses and host-pathogen cross-talks in groundnut during in-vitro seed colonization. Scientific Reports 7(1) : 9659.
  20. Nazhand, A., A. Durazzo, M. Lucarini, E. B. Souto, and A. Santini. 2020. Characteristics, occurrence, detection and detoxification of aflatoxins in foods and feeds. Foods 9(5) : 644.
  21. Neme, K. and A. Mohammed. 2017. Mycotoxin occurrence in grains and the role of postharvest management as a mitigation strategies. A review. Food Control 78 : 412-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.03.012
  22. Nigam, S. N., F. Waliyar, R. Aruna, S. V. Reddy, P. L. Kumar, P. Q. Craufurd, A. T. Diallo, B. R. Ntare, and H. D. Upadhyaya. 2009. Breeding peanut for resistance to aflatoxin contamination at ICRISAT. Peanut Science 36(1) : 42-49. https://doi.org/10.3146/AT07-008.1
  23. Ostry, V., F. Malir, J. Toman, and Y. Grosse. 2017. Mycotoxins as human carcinogens-the IARC Monographs classification. Mycotoxin Research 33 : 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-016-0265-7
  24. Pandey, M. K., R. Kumar, A. K. Pandey, P. Soni, S. S. Gangurde, H. K. Sudini, J. C. Fountain, B. Liao, H. Desmae, P. Okori, X. Chen, H. Jiang, V. Mendu, H. Falalou, S. Njoroge, J. Mwololo, B. Guo, W. Zhuang, X. Wang, X. Liang, R. K. Varshney, and R. K. Varshney. 2019. Mitigating aflatoxin contamination in groundnut through a combination of genetic resistance and post-harvest management practices. Toxins 11(6) : 315.
  25. Pickova, D., V. Ostry, J. Toman, and F. Malir. 2021. Aflatoxins: History, significant milestones, recent data on their toxicity and ways to mitigation. Toxins 13(6) : 399.
  26. Pitt, J. I. 2000. Toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins. British Medical Bulletin 56(1) : 184-192.
  27. Rao, M. J. V., S. N. Nigam, V. K. Mehan, and D. McDonald. 1989. Aspergillus flavus resistance breeding in groundnut: progress made at ICRISAT Center. In: McDonald D, Mehan VK (eds) Aflatoxin contamination of groundnut. Proc Int Workshop, 6-9 Oct 1987, ICRISAT Center. International crops research institute for the semi-arid tropics, Patancheru, AP, India, pp. 345-355.
  28. Settaluri, V. S., C. V. K. Kandala, N. Puppala, and J. Sundaram. 2012. Peanuts and their nutritional aspects-a review. Food Nutr. Sci. 3 : 1644-1650. https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2012.312215
  29. Stossel, P. 1986. Aflatoxin contamination in soybeans: role of proteinase inhibitors, zinc availability, and seed coat integrity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 52(1) : 68-72. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.52.1.68-72.1986
  30. Syed, F., S. Arif, I. Ahmed, and N. Khalid. 2021. Groundnut (peanut)(Arachis hypogaea). Oilseeds: Health Attributes and Food Applications pp. 93-122.
  31. Verma, R. J. 2004. Aflatoxin cause DNA damage. International Journal of Human Genetics 4(4) : 231-236. https://doi.org/10.1080/09723757.2004.11885899
  32. Wacoo, A. P., D. Wendiro, P. C. Vuzi, and J. F. Hawumba. 2014. Methods for detection of aflatoxins in agricultural food crops. Journal of Applied Chemistry 2014 : 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/706291
  33. Waliyar, F., K. V. K. Kumar, M. Diallo, A. Traore, U. N. Mangala, H. D. Upadhyaya, and H. Sudini. 2016. Resistance to pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination in ICRISAT's groundnut mini core collection. European Journal of Plant Pathology 145 : 901-913. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0879-9
  34. Wicklow, D. T., D. M. Wilson, and T. C. Nelsen. 1993. Survival of Aspergillus flavus sclerotia and conidia buried in soil in Illinois or Georgia. Phytopathology 83(11) : 1141-1147. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-83-1141
  35. Wilson, D. M., A. C. Mixon, and J. M. Troeger. 1977. Aflatoxin contamination of peanuts resistant to seed invasion by Aspergillus flavus. Postharvest Pathology and Mycotoxins 67(7) : 922-924. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-67-922
  36. Woo, S. Y., H. E. Ok, S. Y. Lee, A. Y. Jeong, T. K. Jeong, and H. S. Chun. 2022. Simple chromatographic determination of aflatoxins in Korean fermented soybean products doenjang, ganjang, and gochujang, with comparison of derivatization methods. Food Science and Biotechnology 31(4) : 475-482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-022-01045-8
  37. WHO and IARC (World Health Organization, and International Agency for Research on Cancer) 1993. Some naturally occurring substances: food items and constituents, heterocyclic aromatic amines, and mycotoxins. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. 56.
  38. Wu, F. 2015. Global impacts of aflatoxin in maize: trade and human health. World Mycotoxin Journal 8(2) : 137-142. https://doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2014.1737
  39. Yu, B., D. Huai, L. Huang, Y. Kang, X. Ren, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, H. Luo, N. Liu, W. Chen, Y. Lei, M. K. Pandey, H. Sudini, R. K. Varshney, B. Liao, and H. Jiang. 2019. Identification of genomic regions and diagnostic markers for resistance to aflatoxin contamination in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). BMC Genetics 20(1) : 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-019-0734-z
  40. Yu, B., H. Jiang, M. K. Pandey, L. Huang, D. Huai, X. Zhou, Y. Kang, R. K. Varshney, H. K. Sudini, X. Ren, H. Luo, N. Liu, W. Chen, J. Guo, W. Li, Y. Ding, Y. Jiang, Y. Lei, and B. Liao. 2020. Identification of two novel peanut genotypes resistant to aflatoxin production and their SNP markers associated with resistance. Toxins 12(3) : 156.
  41. Yunus, A. W., E. Razzazi-Fazeli, and J. Bohm. 2011. Aflatoxin B1 in affecting broiler's performance, immunity, and gastrointestinal tract: A review of history and contemporary issues. Toxins 3(6) : 566-590. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins3060566