Assessing the quality of Astragalus fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium by its physicochemical properties and monitoring the bacterial composition with single molecule, real-time sequencing technology
- Published
- Accepted
- Subject Areas
- Agricultural Science, Biotechnology, Molecular Biology
- Keywords
- real-time technology, Astragalus, Fermentation, Lactobacillus Plantarum, Enterococcus Faecium, Single-molecule
- Copyright
- © 2018 Qiao et al.
- Licence
- This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ Preprints) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
- Cite this article
- 2018. Assessing the quality of Astragalus fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium by its physicochemical properties and monitoring the bacterial composition with single molecule, real-time sequencing technology. PeerJ Preprints 6:e3512v1 https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3512v1
Abstract
Background. Astragalus was a well-known traditional herbal medicine, widely used in human s , livestock and poultry in China and E ast Asia. Fermentation could improve health-promoting biological substance by probiotics. Methods. We investigated Astragalus that was fermented using probiotics including Enterococcus faecium , Lactobacillus plantarum and E nterococcus faecium + L actobacillus plantarum and applied the PacBio single molecule, real-time sequencing technology (SMRT) to evaluat e the quality of Astragalus fermentation production. Results. We found the production rates of acetic acid, methylacetic acid , ethylacetic acid and lactic acid using E. faecium + L. plantarum fermentation were 1866.24 mg/kg on day 15 , 203.80 mg/kg on day 30 , 996.04 mg/kg on day 15 and 3081.99 mg/kg on day 20 , respectively. Other production rates were: polysaccharide s, 9.43%, 8.51% and 7 . 59% on day 10; saponins , 19.6912 mg/g, 21.6630 mg/g and 20.2084 mg/g on day 15; and flavonoid s, 1.9032 mg/g, 2.0835 mg/g and 1.7086 mg/g on day 20 using E . faecium , L . plantarum and E. faecium + L. plantarum , respectively. According to SMRT analysis of the microbial composition s of nine Astragalus samples, we found after fermentation on day 3 , E. faecium and L. plantarum became the most prevalent species. Moreover, E. faecium + L. plantarum gave more positive effects than single strains in the Astragalus solid state fermentation process. Inclusion. Our data have demonstrate d that the SMRT sequencing platform is applicable to assessing the quality of Astragalus fermentation.
Author Comment
This is a submission to PeerJ for review.