垃圾焚化飛灰屬有害事業廢棄物,本研究利用既有之研究成果,以直接加熱式酸解法可有效的將戴奧辛與鉛重金屬削減至合乎法規標準,再摻拌成水泥漿體,既可達成「零廢棄」之目標,亦創造灰渣資源化之雙贏局面。 本研究著重於以水泥漿體之各項性質,探討經前處理後之垃圾焚化飛灰替代作為水泥原料的可行性。由實驗結果可知,飛灰水泥漿體初凝與終凝時間皆隨飛灰取代率之提高而延長,具有緩凝之效果。隨著飛灰取代量增加使得水泥用量減少,因而減少水化作用,使得乾縮率較純水泥漿體高。孔隙方面以0.35-5 %與0.37-10 %(水灰比-取代率)為例,孔體積分別減少34.7 %與47.6 %,平均孔徑分別減少約28.4 %、30.7 %;乾縮率與孔隙度大致皆能與抗壓強度相呼應,而各水灰比於10 %以下取代率之抗壓強度為26.6-43.1 MPa。 由本研究結果可推估於低水灰比(0.30~0.37)、經前處理之飛灰於低度取代(5 %、10 %)方能有較佳之應用價值與潛勢,且可實際運用作為結構與耐震構材混凝土之取代料、人行道鋪面材料、橋梁施工材料等等。就工程成本分析上,本研究之焚化飛灰前處理費用(3,835元/噸)略高於固化法(3,758元/噸),然而其資源再利用所產生之效益亦會相對減低所需處理成本,值得後續工程上之評估與推廣。
MSWI fly ash is well known a hazardous industrial waste in the world, the characteristics of ash in cement slurry treated by promising technology - thermal degradation with salting precipitation are studied in this work , it can be efficient to reduce dioxin and Pb-metal to the legal limit. So we can not only accomplish “zero waste policy” but complete the “resources circulation.” Four characteristic of cement slurry were adopted to study the feasible of MSWI fly ash as alternative of cement material in this work. According to the results obtained, the detoxic ash addition increases the cement slurry initial and final setting time. Because of the hydration reduced ,more substitution of innoxious ash makes more drying shrinkage. Then we choose two mixture ratio: water cement ratio - substitution rate are 0.35-5 % and 0.37-10 % to compare their porosity, the total pore volume decrease 34.7 % and 47.6 % , the pore diameter decrease 28.4 % and 30.7 %. The compressive strength of cement slurry which substitution rate below 10% are 26.6 to 43.1 MPa. In this study, deduce this work that the slurry of low water cement ratio (0.30 to 0.37) and low substitution rate (5 % and 10 %) have more extension of application. Compare with the pre-treatment ways of MSWI fly ash, thermal degradation have higher cost than the solidification process with cement, but the beneficial from utilization also can keep the cost down, so this is worth of discussing in the future.