The hydrous sodium silicate, magadiite and kenyaite can be synthesized from different start materials and alkali source in hydrothermal system. Water glass solution, ion exchanged water glass solution, fumed silica and silica gel produced by hydrolysis of water glass with dilute HCl are used as the silica sources, and NaOH, Na2CO3 are used to adjust Na+ concentration of the solution. The reactimes were carried out at 130~180℃ for 9h to 8 days. The results show that higher reaction temperature and higher concentration of Na+ could speed up the phase transformation and reduce the reaction time for magadiite nucleation and growth. The water glass contained CO3- will produce trona which restrain the growth of magadiite. Using solid precipitation as precursor could promote the nucleation and growth of magadiite without the addition of Na2CO3.Water glass solution as the starting material, the transformation sequence is magadiite→ SiO2-X2→ kenyaite→ cristobalite, but the in high temperature condition, the rate of transformation is too fast and not observed magadiite.Water glass solution after the cation exchange can filter impurities in the solution, and it does not produce critobalite phase, However the water glass solution in the cation exchange course silicic acid precipitation, the stability and reproducibility of experiments have an impact on. SiO2. nH2O is a good silica source, it can synthesis magadiite in a short reaction time, low temperature, and by the needs of low-cost. Using water glass solution to synthesize magadiite needs more time to growth magadiite, because the water glass solution need to go through the gel and spontaneous aggregation before the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of magadiite. However, the solid source of silica can omit precipitation and aggregation process, itself become the nucleation site to let magadiite growth on the solid surface. The milling SiO2．nH2O powders with smaller particle size can provide more reaction surface and nucleation site, in the same hydrothermal parameters in which produced magadiite more quickly.