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  • 學位論文

遞迴建構格雷序列的長度與字集研究

A Study of the Lengths and Alphabets of Recursively Constructed Golay Complementary Sequences

指導教授 : 李穎

摘要


當兩個序列的非週期性自相關函數和為完美脈衝函數時,這兩個序列形成一個格雷對,兩個序列各自為格雷序列。格雷序列在通訊上有許多應用,如上行探測、同步及通道估測。格雷序列從長度為2的冪次方,字集為BPSK,擴大到長度可為奇數的QPSK及QAM格雷序列,並可使用遞迴建構法將長度無限延伸。遞迴建構法由兩組較短的輸入格雷對合併生成一組較長的輸出格雷序列對,而輸出格雷對的字集與長度由兩組輸入格雷對的字集與長度決定。隨著新的複數格雷序列持續被發現,可以建構出格雷序列的長度也持續增加。但目前還沒有一個數學式可描述所有複數格雷序列的長度。 本研究撰寫Gseq程式,輸入目標序列長度L,經因數分解後,判斷具有此長度的格雷序列對是否可由BPSK、QPSK或16-QAM輸入格雷對以遞迴建構法生成。此外並探討輸出格雷序列長度與字集的變化特性。可知當輸出格雷對由兩組或兩組以上字集為16-QAM的輸入格雷對建構時,字集大小會隨16-QAM輸入格雷對數目的增加而成長。本研究分析使用p組16-QAM輸入格雷對時,輸出格雷對的字集大小。且指出當使用Reduced-16-QAM輸入格雷對時,可有效降低輸出格雷對字集大小的成長趨勢。

關鍵字

字集 格雷序列 遞迴建構

並列摘要


When the sum of the aperiodic autocorrelation functions of two sequences is an impulse function, these two sequences form a Golay pair, and each sequence is a Golay sequence. Golay sequences have been used for synchronization, channel estimation, and peak-to-average power ratio reduction of multicarrier signals. The existence of Golay sequences has expanded from power of two length BPSK Golay sequences to QPSK and QAM Golay sequences whose lengths can be odd. The sequence lengths can be further extended through recursive construction. The recursive construction combines two shorter input Golay pairs into a longer output Golay pair. The alphabet and length of the output Golay pair is determined by the alphabets and lengths of the input Golay pairs. As new complex Golay sequences are continuously being discovered, the lengths where Golay sequence exist also increase continuously. However, there is no simple mathematical formula to describe all possible lengths of complex Golay sequences. In this research, a program “gseq” is created. Given a target sequence length L, this program factors the length and decide whether it is possible to recursively construct a Golay pair of length L using BPSK, QPSK, or 16-QAM input Golay pairs. Characteristics of the length and alphabet size of recursively constructed output Golay pairs are also discussed. The alphabet size will increase when the output Golay pair is formed by at least two 16-QAM input Golay pairs. The alphabet size of the recursively constructed output Golay pair with p 16-QAM input Golay pairs is analyzed. The use of reduced alphabet 16-QAM input Golay pairs is shown to effectively reduce the growth of the alphabet size of the output Golay pair.

參考文獻


[BF03] P. B. Borwein and R. A. Ferguson, “A complete description of Golay pairs for lengths up to 100,” Math. Comput., vol. 73, pp. 967-985, 2003.
[Bud92] S. Z. Budisin, “Golay complementary sequences are superior to pn sequences,” IEEE International Conference on Systems Engineering, pp. 101-104, September 1992.
[DJ99] J. A. Davis and J. Jedwab, “Peak-to-mean power control in OFDM, Golay complementary sequences and Reed-Muller codes,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 2397-2417, 1999.
[FJP08] F. Fiedler, J. Jedwab and M.G. Parker, “A multi-dimensional approach to the construction and enumeration of Golay complementary sequences,” J. Combinatorial Theory (Series A), vol. 115 Page(s): 753–776, 2008.
[Gol61] M.J.E. Golay, “Complementary Series”, IRE Trans. Inform. Theory, Vol. IT-7 , Issue 2, pp. 82-87 , Apr. 1961.

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