跌倒偵測是醫療照護領域的重要議題。跌倒通常會在心理以及生理上造成嚴重的傷害,特別是老人。一個可靠的跌倒偵測系統可以快速的提供醫療照護給跌倒傷患。因此,一個可靠且有效率的跌倒偵測系統是必須的。本研究中,我們提出了利用智慧型手機來當作跌倒偵測系統的平台。當跌倒發生時,系統將有三個反應機制來進行救援。第一個機制為傳送緊急訊息給相關人員進行求救;第二個機制為在網頁上的地圖,根據使用者的GPS位置及狀態,顯示使用者狀態及位置;第三個機制為發生警報聲響,主要目的為讓使用者附近的人可以發現到使用者需要幫助。首先,我們使用一個掛在腰上的智慧型手機來擷取人體上的加速度值,並且使用離散餘弦轉換(Discrete Cosine Transform, DCT)來分析加速度值,進而區分為日常活動(Activities of Daily Living, ADL)以及跌倒。日常活動包含了走路、站立以及坐下。我們使用智慧型手機上的三軸加速度計來擷取加速度值並且使用網路將其傳送至伺服器端。我們在伺服器端執行兩種判斷,第一種判斷是以自適性門檻值判斷DCT能量值為基礎;自適性門檻值的設定包含體重、身高以及性別;第二種判斷是以智慧型手機的傾斜判斷。實驗結果顯示此方法可以有效的偵測跌倒。此外,此方法和其他裝置相比有著更高的攜帶性。
Fall detection is one of the major issues in health care filed. Falls can cause serious injury both in physiology and psychology, especially to the old people. A reliable fall detector can provide rapid emergency medical care for the fallen down people. Thus, a reliable and effectively fall detection system is necessary. In this thesis, we propose a system which utilizing mobile phones as a detector to detect the falling. When fall accident occurs, the system has three response procedures for help. The first procedure is transmitting the emergency message to the related people for help. The second procedure shows the user’s status and location on the map of webpage, according to user’s GPS location and status. The third procedure makes the alarm sound; its purpose is to let the person who nearby the user can be noticed that the user needs help. First, using a waist-mounted mobile phone to capture accelerometer of the human body and adopt the DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) to analyze the value of accelerometer to distinguish the activities of daily living (ADL) and falls. ADL consist of walking, standing and sitting. We utilized a tri-axial accelerometer in mobile phone to capture the signal and transmit it to the server by way of Internet. We adapt two judgments achieved in Server, first judgment is based on an adaptive threshold for detecting the energy by DCT; the setting of adaptive threshold include height, weight and gender. The second judgment is according to the tilt of smart phone. Experimental results show that this method can detect the falls effectively; in addition, it is more portable than other devices as well.