本論文利用實數編碼基因演算法,探討六軸機械臂系統的逆運動學議題。主要的研究針對兩組六軸機械臂系統特定方位端點,以特定方位通過空間特定路徑時,計算各軸所需配合點對點路徑驅動的參數規劃演算。 為了模擬六軸機械臂系統在路徑規劃過程,各軸的運動情形。本研究結合 AutoDesk Inventor 與 Java OpenGL (JOGL)技術,建構一套網際六軸機械臂模擬系統。此一模擬系統可以讓使用者利用瀏覽器輸入六軸機械臂端點所需通過的空間路徑點位置與方位,接著以後端運算的流程進行六軸機械臂系統的逆運動分析。完成運算後,系統會透過電子郵件通知使用者,以瀏覽器檢視模擬結果。 本研究所完成的網際六軸機械臂協同模擬系統,允許使用者自行替換機械臂的零組件,所有系統的零組件都以 STL 文字檔格式,登錄在資料庫系統,使用者可以自行呼叫,組成客製化的六軸機械臂系統,然後進行後續的逆運動學分析模擬。 為了驗證本系統的使用,本研究利用兩組分別由轉動軸及滑動軸所組成的機械臂系統,各模擬三種案例。經由實數編碼基因演算法,最小化手臂端點路徑誤差所得結果,證明各關鍵點皆能準確通過空間路徑曲線。 本研究初步利用曲線擬合(curve fitting)串接各軸參數關鍵點後,組合驅動機械臂系統特定方位端點所得模擬路徑與實際路徑比對,在增加關鍵點數後,可以得到越準確的結果,也指出本研究在實際應用上的發展方向。
In this thesis, Real-coded Genetic Algorithm (RGA) is used to explore the Inverse Kinematics (IK) issues for the six-axis robotic manipulators. The main study focuses on the simulation of two groups of six-axis robotic manipulators to reach a given position and orientation of the end-effector. The tasks are to evaluate robot joint parameters for these point-to-point trajectory planning problems. In order to simulate the motion of each axis for the trajectory planning process of these six-axis robotic manipulators. AutoDesk Inventor and Java OpenGL techniques were used to develop a web-based six-axis robotic manipulator simulation system. This system can accept manipulator's end-effector position and orientation inputs through web browser, and then followed with back-ends computation to solve the associated inverse kinematics problem. Once the computation complete, system will notify user with e-mail to investigate the simulation result. The implemented web-based six-axis robotic manipulator simulation system allows user to replace parts for specific assembly. All system parts are saved in ASCII STL (Stereo Lithography) file format, and registered in the database. User can apply these parts to assemble customized six-axis robotic manipulator and conduct associated inverse kinematics analysis and simulation. To verify the usefulness of this system, three cases for each manipulator systems which consist of various revolute and prismatic joints were studied. All results from RGA methods with minimizing trajectory errors reached precise key points locating right on the target trajectory to justify the credibility of this study. This research also applies curve fitting method to approximate the continuous curve for each driving axis. Primarily result shows that more key points on the target end-effector position and orientation inputs will gain better accuracy for the associated inverse kinematics analysis.