Through qualitative research approaches, this research explored and analyzed ”Taiwanese female Icon” in the graphic design during the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan. Meanwhile, in perspective of ”Sociology of Arts”, it sought to present analyses, descriptions, and interpretations of the ”Taiwanese female icons” from the background information of the creative process. In other words, it was to examine, categorize, and define the information and sources collected in the fieldwork through the synthesizing method of the qualitative studies of ground theory, and to interpret the phenomena and meanings of graphic design of various ”Taiwanese female icons” at the time. This study has realized that the graphic design of ”Taiwanese female icons” in the colonial period could be categorized as follows: the Confucian-influenced traditional Taiwanese female icons, the Japanese-like female icons under the force of colonial assimilation policies, the modern female icons swayed by the changes of the society, and the colonial-type female icons under the social structure in the war time. Through the categorizations and analyses of the ”Taiwanese female icons” in graphic design, the transformation and development of Taiwanese female, as well as the social messages implied in the graphics, are clearly defined.