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  • 學位論文

一種應用於智慧聯網可進行封包串接之省電排程器

A Power Saving Scheduler with Packet Concatenation for D2D Communications

指導教授 : 蔡志宏

摘要


智慧聯網,已被多方機構與研究學者預測將在未來十年內於有線與無線通訊中快速成長並成為下一代最具成長性的產業。在智慧聯網的環境中,許多裝置節點之間彼此以無線或有線通訊網路的方式連接著,形成一個區域性的網路。在許多環境中,以有線網路連接並不方便而且空間上的限制較多,因此多數裝置是以無線通訊網路連接著。然而,雖然裝置之間能透過連接彼此形成一個網路來交換資訊,但是有許多種應用仍然需要一個強而有力的數據中心來管理與處理這些節點所取得的資訊,並將資訊傳到數據中心交由專業人士進行下一步的資料分析、處理與判斷。當為數龐大的節點產生的資料量要經由無線網路再經由核心網路傳到數據中心的過程中,如何降低耗電量和降低封包虛耗比例,對電信業者而言便是很重要的關鍵。 然而,現行行動通訊網路設備的網路介面在某些時間與空間中的使用率並不高,但這些設備的網路介面仍然持續耗電著。要降低耗電量最根本的方式便是關閉這些設備,但是關閉後又可能造成許多用戶以及應用無法透過該設備傳送與接收資料而無法滿足用戶需求;另一方面,顯而易見的,當網路設備在傳送資料時的耗電量必然比閒置狀態下的耗電量高,而且研究發現,當設備每傳送一筆資料就會額外浪費一些電,稱為訊尾能量,本論文提出封包串接演算法來降低訊尾能量所造成的額外耗電並且提供各項應用一定的服務品質需求。 本論文提出一套從基地台到閘道器的通道容量分配演算法、網路選擇演算法以及封包串接演算法以期能在智慧聯網的環境之下降低網路設備的耗電量,同時也降低封包虛耗比例使單一網路設備能夠負載更大的資料傳輸量。本論文經由模擬證實,在高負載時每傳輸1 MB的耗電量約可省下46.77%,低負載時更可省下57.56%的總耗電量,並且將封包虛耗比例由29.28%降到5.5%,大幅提高傳輸效率。

並列摘要


Internet of things(IoT) has been predicted to grow up in wired and wireless communication and become the most popular industry in ten years. In the scenario of IoT, many devices, called D2D devices, will connect each other by wired or wireless network. It is not suitable to connect by wired network in some environment, so connecting through wireless network is familiar. However, many kind of application working on devices need a powerful data center to manage and process the information which is obtained by the D2D devices. When information has been received at the data center, professionals will analysis, process, and make some decision by the information. When huge data produced by D2D devices transmits through wireless network and core network to data center, it becomes a big issue for ISP that how to reduce power consumption and lower packet overhead. However, current network interface cards (NIC) equipped by devices of mobile communication network are with low utilization, but these devices are continuously consuming power. The most fundamental method to lower power consumption is turning the equipment off, but it may causes that some packets can`t be routed through the equipment and many users have bad user experience. On the other hand, it is obvious that devices will consume higher power when transmitting data. According to research, devices will consume additional power when transmitting a piece of data, it is called tail energy. In this thesis, we present packet concatenation algorithm to reduce tail energy and it could provide good QoS. In this thesis, we present channel capacity allocation algorithm, network selection algorithm, and packet concatenation algorithm to reduce power consumption of network equipments where full of IoT. At the same time, this algorithm can also reduce packet overhead, so that each network equipment can support higher data rate. Simulation results illustrate that power consumption when transmitting 1 MB can lower 46.77% of original power under high traffic load, and power consumption can reduce 57.56% of original power if under light traffic load. Inaddition, packet overhead is reduced to 5.5% from 29.28%.

參考文獻


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