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  • 學位論文

混凝過濾程序分離小球藻液

Coagulation-Filtration Process on Harvesting of Suspensions of Chlorella sp. ESP-6

指導教授 : 李篤中

摘要


微藻具有高光合反應、高生長效率、固定二氧化碳、與高產油率等優點被認為是有希望的未來生質燃料來源。但由於微藻高濃度養殖與收集不易,且能量成本高,以至於今日藻油仍未具有商業價值。過濾是微藻收集的可能方法之ㄧ,本研究以純種藻體在端點過濾前添加多元氯化鋁和幾丁聚醣等兩種混凝劑,探討通量差異及藻體收集效率,實驗所使用之純藻為水體中常見的小球藻(Chlorella sp.)。 研究結果顯示,在過濾前預混凝其過濾通量會隨加藥量增加而變高,而單以混凝、沉澱程序處理藻液,對DOC的移除效果有限,加上MF膜端點過濾可提高其效果。混凝及沉澱程序可釋放出藻毒素,而過濾可以有效移除藻毒素。混凝可提升沉降至底部顆粒固含率,過濾可更進一步提升固含率,但是加藥量多寡跟固含率並沒直接關係。由通量回復實驗得知上清液中小顆粒藻體是造成薄膜內部阻塞之關鍵,而濾餅阻力決定了整體過濾阻力。大粒徑膠羽在薄膜上形成之濾餅可以有效減少薄膜內部阻塞。

並列摘要


Algae is igniting much interest as a promising biofuel source due to its high photoreaction rate, fast growing rate, carbon fixation ability, and high oil contents. However, there are still many obstacles that prevent the algae biofuel technology from becoming fully commercialized such as difficulties in high concentration farming and collection and high-energy costs. Filtration is one of the many possible algae collection methods. In this research, two different types of coagulants, PACl and Chitosan, are added before dead end filtration of pure algae in order to study the difference in flux and algae collection efficiency. The algae used in this experiment are Chlorella sp. which are commonly found in water From the results, it is observed that the flux increases with increasing concentration of coagulants added to the influent. Also, coagulation and sedimentation treatments have limited effects on the DOC removal efficiency. However, if MF membrane is used in dead end filtration, the DOC removal efficiency will be improved. It is observed that microcystins can be released after coagulation and sedimentation treatments, and filtration can effectively remove microcystins. Finally, coagulation can lead to a higher solid content of the settling particles. However, the solid content is not dependent on the coagulant concentration. From the flux recovery experiments, it is observed that the small algal particles in the supernatant are the major cause for membrane blocking, and cake resistance determines the overall filtration resistance. The formation of cake from flocs with large particle diameter on the membrane can effectively reduce membrane blocking.

並列關鍵字

Chlorella sp. Coagulation Dead end filtration PACl Chitosan

參考文獻


Chen, Y.M., Liu, J.C. and Ju, Y.H. (1998) Flotation removal of algae from water. Colloids and Surfaces B-Biointerfaces, 285, 49-55.
Duan, J. and Gregory, J. (2003) Coagulation by hydrolysing metal salts. Advance in Colloid and Interface Science, 100, 475-502.
Hermia, J. (1982) Constant pressure blocking filtration laws-application to power-law non-Newtonian fluids. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, 60, 183-187.
Knorr, D. (1983) Dye binding properties of chitin and chitosan. Journal of Food Science, 48, 36-37.
Lee,D.J. and Hsu, Y.H. (1995) Measurement of bound water in sludges acomparative study. Water Environment Research, 67, 310-317.

被引用紀錄


葉芸(2014)。以直接轉酯化反應轉化濕藻至被生質柴油及其動力學〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.10733
古鎬綱(2013)。改良直接轉酯化反應轉化微藻為生質柴油〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.00167

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