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  • 學位論文

氧化鋁與金屬硬銲及以Cu/Ni填料硬銲不鏽鋼之研究

Studies of Brazing Alumina as well as Metals and Brazing Stainless Steels using Cu/Ni Fillers

指導教授 : 薛人愷

摘要


本實驗主要是以含鈦的銀銅共晶填料,真空硬銲接合Al2O3與各種金屬母材。經由接合界面顯微組織分析可知,利用活性硬銲,使用含鈦的填料,能在Al2O3表面形成一層Ti3Cu3O相,有效的改善填料對於母材的潤濕性。填料含鈦量高雖然潤濕性較好,但會使鈦的介金屬化合物增加,影響強度。增加硬銲溫度及時間會使較多的母材擴散進入銲道內反應,以及使母材界面的反應相厚度提升。銲道主要由Ag-rich相、Cu-rich相與Cu-Ti介金屬相所構成。硬銲接合Al2O3與Zr金屬時,一但硬銲溫度超過830℃,母材內的Zr元素會大量溶解進入銲道,使銲道內的相都含有高含量的Zr元素。實驗結果除了Nb及Zr基材外,其餘金屬會因為與Al2O3的熱膨脹係數差異過大,使Al2O3在接合後承受不了熱應力,出現裂紋破壞。 另外,還進行了使用Cu-Ni填料硬銲接合沃斯田鐵不鏽鋼的研究,希望能使板式熱交換器的硬銲接點能擁有良好的抗蝕能力。實驗結果若使用粉末填料,會發生Cu、Ni分相的情形,使Cu內的Ni含量不足。且填料中Ni比例使用太高會使填料熔點上升過多,造成潤濕性不足。填料中若含B,則會在母材晶界形成B化物,影響母材強度。將Cu箔以304不鏽鋼Clad Ni層夾住進行硬銲能避免上述的缺點,形成抗蝕能力良好的硬銲接點,為最佳的實驗結果。

關鍵字

活性硬銲 Al2O3 潤濕性 熱應力 抗蝕能力

並列摘要


The brazing of Al2O3 and various metals using 72Ag-28Cu active braze alloys contain small amounts of titanium has been extensively studied. Ti can form a Ti3Cu3O layer on the substrate’s surface, so the molten braze can effectively wet the Al2O3 substrate. Higher Ti content in the braze alloy has better wetting ability, but it will form more intermetallic compounds, hence lowering the bonding strength. Brazing at higher temperature and longer time will result in more substrate’s ellements diffusing into the brazed joint and thicken the thickness of intermetallic layers on the substrate. The brazed joint is primarily consists of Ag-rich, Cu-rich and Cu-Ti intermetallic phases. For the brazing of Al2O3 and Zr, when the brazing temperature is above 830℃, all phases in the brazed joint is alloyed with a lot of Zr due to the diffusion of Zr substrate into the brazed joint. Because the difference of CTE between substrates is too huge, Al2O3 will crack except for brazing Al2O3 with Nb and Zr. Another study is brazing stainless steel using Cu/Ni fillers in order to produce plate heat exchanger’s brazed joints with good corrosion resistance. Using powder fillers cause Cu-rich and Ni-rich phases separated, so the Cu-rich phase can’t alloyed with enough Ni content. If Ni content in the filler is further increased, filler’s melting point is increased and demonstrates poor wettability. If filler contains B, B-Cr-Fe internetallics is formed along substrate’s grain boundaries, hence lowering the bonding strength. Brazing using the Cu foil placed between Ni clad 304 stainless steel substrates can make brazed joints with good corrosion resistance without flaws mentioned above, demonstrating the best result.

參考文獻


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25. 薛鈞尹,紅外線硬銲接合Ti-6Al-4V與異質合金之研究,國立台灣大學材料科學與工程學研究所,2007。
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