The fable of urashima continuously deeply earns Japanese’s affection. From ‘nihonnsyoki’, ‘tanngokunihudoki’, ‘mannyousyuu’ of antiquity time to ‘otogizoushi’ of middle ancient time have including about the fable of urashima. Even modern writer such as tuboutisyouyo, moriougai, dazaiosamu also used the fable of urashima to rewrite. In general, about the research direction of the fable of urashima was been separated into two parts. One is ‘sennkyouennryuutann’, influenced by Chinese Literature; the other is ‘kaiguyuukoutann’. The point of thesis is the relationship between the fable of urashima and Chinese Literature. After the age of ‘muromati’, the effect of the fable of urashima which influenced by Chinese Literature was increasingly weak. Therefore, the range of this thesis locks in the fable of urashima from antiquity time to middle ancient time. Besides contrasting with every age of the fable of urashima, discussing on components of it is also a point. I separate the fable of urashima into hero, heroine, turtle, spot, casket and time, and discuss the relationship between those components. I also discuss the change and new meaning of those. According to this thesis is separated into two parts. Parts of one, I discuss the fable of urashima in every age which connects to Chinese Literature, there are particular discussion in Chapter 1, Chapter 3, section 1and 2 in Chapter 4. Chapter 1 discusses the fable of urashima of every version; Chapter 3 concerns the fable of urashima from the age of ‘heiann’ to the age of ‘muromati’; Chapter 4 introduces the characteristic of the fable of urashima of age of ‘muromati’ and the effect which influenced by Chinese Literature. Parts of two, I discuss each component of the fable of urashima which influenced by Chinese Literature. There are some discussion about components in Chapter 2 and section 3 in Chapter 4.